ch 9

Initially, when energy intake exceeds expenditure, fat cells ___ size and ___  in number.

increase in, do not change

Which of the following is NOT a result of ectopic fat accumulation?

lung disease

What enzyme increases in the adipose tissue after weight loss?

lipoprotein lipase

Which of the following is true about the body's set point?

It is the point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight

Prevention of obesity is most critical during childhood/adolescence when fat cells _____ in number. People with a(n) _____ number of fat cells tend to regain lost weight more readily.

increase, an increased

Masses of specialized fat cells packed with pigmented mitochondria that produce heat instead of ATP

brown adipose tissue

The hormone that maintains homeostasis by regulating food intake and energy expenditures in response to adipose tissue

leptin

The hormone that promotes eating and weight gain by increasing smell sensitivity, stimulating appetite, and promoting energy storage

ghrelin

The protein that triggers the transformation of white fat cells into brite fat cells

myokine irisin

"Natural" herbal products and dietary supplements that promote weight loss _____ be considered safe and effective because they are available for purchase.

cannot

Which weight loss drug can cause gastrointestinal cramping, diarrhea, and rare cases of liver injury?

alli

All of the following are true regarding weight-loss surgery, EXCEPT:

Medical supervision is required for only the first six to nine months after surgery

Which of the following is NOT a sensible guideline to achieve weight loss?

Eat rapidly to avoid prolonged contact with food

Which of the following is true about energy metabolism in formerly obese people who have lost weight?

Energy requirements are lower than expected for the current body weight and body composition

Lorraine is trying to gain weight, and she normally eats 1800 calories on an average day. How many calories should she aim to eat each day?

2300

Which of the following is NOT an example of a fad diet?

DASH

feeling of fullness occurring after a meal

satiety

feeling of fullness occurring during a meal

satiation

determines how much food is consumed during a meal

satiation

physiological response triggered primarily by the hypothalamus

hunger

determines how much time passes between meals

satiety

Which of the following is responsible for \n roughly two-thirds of the energy needed to \n keep the body functioning?

basal metabolism

associated with lower risk of heart disease

subcutaneous fat

significantly contributes to heart disease and diabetes

visceral fat

central obesity

visceral fat

fat around the hips and thighs

subcutaneous fat

A waist circumference of >____ for men and >____ for \n women is an indicator of fat distribution and central obesity.

40 inches, 35 inches