Treaties

What did the failure of H8 resolving his great matter emphasise?

The extent England remained a minor power in Europe

When was the Treaty of Amiens?

1527

What’s the Treaty of Amiens?

An anti-Imperial alliance with the French

How did Wolsey try to pressure the emperor?

Imposing a trade embargo with the Burgundian lands

What did Charles retaliation create?

Widespread unemployment and social problems in England which forced Wolsey to back down

Who won the Battle of Landriano?

Charles had victory over France

When was the Battle of Landriano?

1529

What did Charles V strength ensure?

H8 attempts to solve his marital issues by diplomatic means failed

What did the Peace of Cambrai require?

The French to give up their ambitions in Italy

What did the peace of Cambrai reinforce?

The papacy’s political dependence on the emperor

Why could the anglo- French alliance only have little pressure on the emperor?

They were both in a weak position

Who did Francis seek to establish a marriage alliance between?

His son Henry and the Pope’s niece Catherine de Medici

Why was there no short term repercussions from H8 breaking from Rome?

Charles was primarily concerned with the threat posed by the Ottoman Turks to Christian Europe

How did H8 try to reinforce his position?

Making an alliance with the league of Schmalkalden

Why was the pressure upon H8’s position reduced in 1536?

Death of Catherine of Aragon and the execution of Anne Boleyn opened up the possibility of a renewed alliance with the emperor

Renewal of fighting between the emperor and Francis I reduced the potential danger of England’s isolated position

Why did H8 position weaken in 1538?

Charles and Francis signed the Treaty of Nice

Pope Paul II published a bull deposing Henry and thereby absolving English Catholics from the need to obey their ruler

Pope sent envoys to both France and Scotland to rouse support for the catholic crusade against Henry

Why was H8 secure?

Neither Francis nor Charles trusted each other and each had more important immediate priorities

What was the Six Articles Act of 1539?

Act that intended to reassure Catholic opinion in England

What was H8 scared of?

Charles and Francis conspiring to invade England

What did H8 believe would be a useful insurance policy?

Marriage with Anne of Cleves and alliance with league of Schmalkalden