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What is excretion?
The process of removing waste substances from the body.
What substances are excreted by the lungs?
Carbon dioxide.
What organs are primarily responsible for excreting urea?
The kidneys.
What is the main function of the kidneys?
To remove urea, water, and other unwanted substances from the blood.
What is urine?
A liquid that contains urea and other wastes excreted by the kidneys.
What is a nephron?
A tiny tube in the kidneys responsible for filtering blood.
What is selective reabsorption?
The process by which the kidneys return useful substances from the filtrate back to the blood.
What are the main digestive enzymes?
Carbohydrases, lipases, and proteases.
What do carbohydrase enzymes break down?
Carbohydrates into glucose.
What is the primary site of absorption in the digestive system?
The small intestine.
What is a villus?
A tiny, finger-like projection in the small intestine that aids in the absorption of digested food.
What does the liver do with glucose?
It stores glucose as glycogen and converts it back to glucose when needed.
What does the liver remove from the blood?
Urea and poisons.
What is bile?
A substance produced by the liver that is needed for digestion.
What is defecation?
The process of excreting undigested material from the body.
What are the main functions of the liver?
The liver produces bile, stores glycogen, detoxifies substances, and removes urea from the blood.
What is the role of the large intestine in digestion?
The large intestine absorbs water and salts and compacts undigested material into feces.
What is the purpose of bile?
Bile aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
What are the key functions of the excretory system?
The excretory system regulates the body's fluid balance, removes waste products, and maintains electrolyte levels.
What is the process of filtration in the kidneys?
Filtration is the process where blood is filtered to remove waste products and excess substances, forming urine.
What are the effects of dehydration on the body?
Dehydration can lead to concentrated urine, kidney stones, reduced kidney function, and overall health issues.
How does the body regulate its water balance?
The body regulates water balance through the kidneys, which adjust urine concentration based on hydration levels.
What is the primary structure involved in the detoxification process in the body?
The liver is the primary structure involved in detoxification.
What is the composition of urine?
Urine is primarily composed of water, urea, creatinine, electrolytes, and other metabolites.
What role do nephrons play in the kidneys?
Nephrons filter blood and produce urine by reabsorbing necessary substances and excreting waste.
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