Native Hawaiians & Cardiovascular Disease — Pathophysiology

This flashcard set covers key concepts related to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease among Native Hawaiians, including risk factors and their effects on the cardiovascular system.

What major metabolic risk factor is highly prevalent in Native Hawaiians?

Obesity.

How does obesity contribute to cardiovascular disease?

Causes chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress.

What happens to blood vessels due to chronic inflammation?

Endothelial dysfunction.

What molecule is reduced due to endothelial dysfunction?

Nitric oxide.

Why is reduced nitric oxide harmful?

It decreases vasodilation and increases vascular stiffness.

How does hypertension damage blood vessels?

Causes mechanical stress leading to vessel remodeling and narrowing.

What structural vessel changes occur in hypertension?

Smooth muscle hypertrophy and collagen deposition.

What disease results from plaque buildup in arteries?

Atherosclerosis.

What cardiovascular condition commonly develops from atherosclerosis?

Coronary artery disease.

What symptoms result from coronary artery disease?

Chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue.