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Actor-observer effect
Tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors, but others’ behavior to dispositional factors.
Self-serving bias
Tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external
Cognitive dissonance
Psychological discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors; motivates attitude or behavior change (Festinger, 1957).
Induced compliance experiment (Festinger & Carlsmith, 1959)
Type: Experimental
IV: Payment amount ($1 vs $20)
DV: Reported enjoyment of a boring task
Finding: Participants paid $1 rated task as more enjoyable due to cognitive dissonance.