Reactions of Acids

acid

solution with ph less than 7; produces H+ ions in aqueous solutions

aqueous

dissolved in water

Alkali

Solution with a pH more than 7; produces OH- ions in water

what is the pH scale

a measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is

What is neutral, alkali and acids number on the pH scale

neutral- 7

alkali- 8-14

acid- 0-6

what is a strong acid

acid in which all the molecules break into ions in water

weak acid

acid in which only a small fraction of the molecules break into ions in water

what does dilute mean

a solution in which there is a small amount of solute dissolved

what does concentrated mean

a solution in which there is a lot of solute dissolved

what does a metal and acid reaction produce

metal salt + hydrogen

reactions of acids with alkalis (mostly metal hydroxides)

metal salt + water

what is neutralisation

a reaction that uses up some or all of the H+ ions from an acid

reactions of acid and metal carbonate

metal salt + water + carbon dioxide

neutralisation reaction

acid + base = neutralisation

what are salts made from

a metal ion combined with the ion left over from the acid when the H+ ions react.

name 4 things that contain salts

many medicines, fertilisers, toothpaste, food additives

Suggest a method to make soluble salts

1.Measure 20cm3 of sulfuric acid into a boiling tube. 2. Add 2 coops of copper oxide to the boiling tube. 3. Set up a water bath by filing a beaker with water and heating it over a Bunsen burner. 4. Place the tube containing reaction mixture into the water bath. 5. Add copper oxide until it is in excess, it will no longer dissolve and it will be bright blue. 6. Pour mixture through filter paper into a conical flask. 7. Transfer the filtrate into an evaporating basin and heat over a Bunsen burner until you have removed half the liquid. 8. Transfer the remaining liquid to a petri dish and leave the petri dish on the window ledge for a few days. 9. Pat dry to remove any excess liquid.