Enviro Sci: Unit 7 Oil and Natural Gas

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26 Terms

1

fossil fuel

coal, oil, natural gas, mainly decomposed plant material, NONRENEWABLE

<p>coal, oil, natural gas, mainly decomposed plant material, NONRENEWABLE</p>
2

petroleum

liquid fossil fuel; oil

<p>liquid fossil fuel; oil</p>
3

crude oil

petroleum that has not been processed,

unrefined petroleum

<p>petroleum that has not been processed,</p><p>unrefined petroleum</p>
4

peak oil

moment in time of maximum oil production

5

oil reserves

oil deposits that can be extracted profitably at current prices using current technology

6

Conventional Petroleum Reserves

Liquid deposits that contain freely flowing oil or oil that can be pumped out

7

petrochemicals

chemicals derived from petroleum

<p>chemicals derived from petroleum</p>
8

natural gas

Fossil fuel consisting of methane that occurs naturally underground

<p>Fossil fuel consisting of methane that occurs naturally underground</p>
9

hydraulic fracturing (fracking)

method of removing natural gas from the ground

<p>method of removing natural gas from the ground</p>
10

unconventional oil reserves

recoverable oil reserves whose extractionn is economically and environmentally costly,

11

oil shale

shale from which oil can be obtained by heating

<p>shale from which oil can be obtained by heating</p>
12

oil tar sands

crude bitumem, crude mixed in sand that is environmentally harmful to extract

<p>crude bitumem, crude mixed in sand that is environmentally harmful to extract</p>
13

energy security

the supply of useful energy to a society for individual consumption and national security

14

energy inependence

meeting nations energy needs without importing fuel

15

fractional distillation

a process of separating petroleum into its components by heating and condensing the components

<p>a process of separating petroleum into its components by heating and condensing the components</p>
16

oil refinery

A factory where crude oil is cleaned and turned into useful oil products

<p>A factory where crude oil is cleaned and turned into useful oil products</p>
17

brine

Water saturated with salt.

18

bioplastic

plastic that is made from renewable biomass sources (cornstarch)

<p>plastic that is made from renewable biomass sources (cornstarch)</p>
19

biofuels

renewable fuels derived from biological materials that can be regenerated

<p>renewable fuels derived from biological materials that can be regenerated</p>
20

renewable energy

energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.

<p>energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.</p>
21

hydrocarbons

organic molecules that are composed of only carbon and hydrogen

<p>organic molecules that are composed of only carbon and hydrogen</p>
22

deep water horizon

The oil well that exploded in the gulf of Mexico in 2010

<p>The oil well that exploded in the gulf of Mexico in 2010</p>
23

oil spill

waste usually deposited in the seas and oceans after an accident at sea

<p>waste usually deposited in the seas and oceans after an accident at sea</p>
24

oil eating bacteria

microorganism that is used in clean-up of oil spills

<p>microorganism that is used in clean-up of oil spills</p>
25

skimmer

a device used to remove oil slicks on the surface of the water.

26

dispersant

a chemical used in oil spill cleanup that thins and dissolves the thick crude