OU Nursing BIOS 1300 Lab Quiz 9 Review (Nervous Tissue and Central nervous System) (Purposegames for models linked as well)

Btw there is one slide's worth of a model missing slide 18/60 for lab discussion #9, but otherwise should hopefully be most the rest. Also every purposegames I made of the other models are tagged in this study set

On a basic level how does the nervous system work?

1) Monitor
environmental
changes (inside and
outside body)
*Afferent
2) Process and interpret
input and decide
what to do.
*Brain/cord
3) Cause a response;
activate (action)
organs (muscles and
glands)
*Efferent

Know where everything is for the whole diagram of a neuron

What are the four different types of neurons?

Unipolar, Bipolar, Psuedounipolar, Multipolar

Multiple Sclerosis

Autoimmune disorder
causing destruction of myelin
sheaths in CNS
 sheaths become scars or
plaques
 1/2 million people in the
United States and rising
 appears between ages 20
and 40
 females twice as often as
males
 Symptoms include muscular
weakness, abnormal
sensations or double vision
and an intention tremor
 Remissions & relapses result
in progressive, cumulative
loss of function
Multiple Sclerosis

Gross Anatomy of the brain (3 parts)

1) Cerebrum– “thinking”
—Conscious thought
2)Cerebellum– Coordinated movement
3) Brain Stem– “unconscious”
—Autonomic function

White Matter vs Gray Matter

White matter = myelinated processes (white in color)
Gray matter = nerve cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals, bundles of unmyelinated axons
and neuroglia (gray color)
 In the spinal cord = gray matter forms an H-shaped inner core surrounded by white
matter
 In the brain = a thin outer shell of gray matter covers the surface & is found in clusters
called nuclei inside the CNS
Gray vs White Matter

What is the arrow pointing to?

Prefrontal Cortex-(Tan w/in circle)
• Personality
• Decision Making
• Impulse Inhibitions

What is the arrow pointing to?

Primary Motor Cortex-(Red)
“voluntary motor commands”

What is the arrow pointing to?

Premotor Cortex-(Tan)
“motor planning”

What is the arrow pointing to?

Broca’s Area-(Orange)
“Speech production”

What are the two arrow pointing to?

—Primary Somatosensory Cortex-(Yellow)
“Sensory receiving”
—Somatosensory Association Area-(Lime Green)
“Sensory Processing”

What is the arrow pointing to?

Wernicke’s Area-(Green)
“language interpretation”

What are these two arrows pointing to?

—Primary Visual Cortex-(Dark purple)
Receiving Sensory Info
“visual perception”

—Visual Association Area-(Light purple)
Processing Visual Information
“image interpretation

What are these two arrows pointing to?

—Primary Auditory Cortex-(Dark blue)
Receiving Auditory Info
”sound perception”

—Auditory Association Area-(Blue)
Processing Auditory Info
“sound interpretation”

Hydrocephalus

“Water on the Brain” 

Congenital: @birth
 Developmental defects
 Genetic disorders
Acquired: later
 Infections (ie.meningitis)
 Bleeding in the brain
 Tumors
 Trauma

CN I: Olfactory

Sensory nerve of smell

CN II: Optic

Sensory nerve of vision

CN III: Oculomotor

Motor nerve of eye movement

CN IV: Trochlear

Motor nerve of eye movement

CN V: Trigeminal

—Motor nerve of chewing                                                                                                                          —Sensory nerve of forehead, scalp, and cheek

CN VI: Abducens

Motor nerve of eye movement

CN VII: Facial

—Motor nerve of face and scalp movement                                                                                             —Sensory nerve of taste and ear sensation

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear

—Motor (efferent) nerve fibers adjust sensitivity of receptors                                                                    —Sensory nerve of hearing and balance

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal

—Motor nerve of throat movement                                                                                                          —Sensory nerve of tongue and throat

CN X: Vagus

—Parasympathetic motor nerve fibers of peristalsis, blood pressure, heart rate                                    —Sensory nerve of taste

CN XI: Accessory

Motor nerve of swallowing and head & shoulder movements

CN XII: Hypoglossal

Motor nerve of swallowing and speech

Not a question just a useful chart

Not a question just a useful chart

Lab Manuel Question #1: What structures make up the CNS?

Brain and Spinal Cord

Lab Manuel Question #2: What are the 3 parts of the brain?

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem

Lab Manuel Question #3: What does CSF stand for?

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Lab Manuel Question #4: Which Brodmann’s Areas are the 2 parts of a conversation?

44 and 45 (Broca’s Area) NGL I looked this up but some also say 22 bc that’s Wernicke’s area too but no clue if its included*

Lab Manuel Question #5: Which 3 Cranial Nerves control the extraocular m. movements?

III, IV, & VI

Lab Manuel Question #6: Which lobe of the brain houses each other following? 1) Hearing? 2)Vision? 3)Sensation? 4)Motor Commands?

Hearing—Temporal Lobe                                                                                                                           Vision—Occipital Lobe                                                                                                                               Sensation: Parietal Lobe                                                                                                                             Motor Command: Frontal Lobe

Lab Manuel Question #7: What structure contains 200 million+ axons and is the communication between the brain’s hemispheres?

Corpus Callosum

Lab Manuel Question #8: The word for sensory information is…?

Afferent

Lab Manuel Question #9: What structure secretes CSF into the ventricular flow?

Choroid Plexus

Lab Manuel Question #10: Which Cranial Nerves are sensory only?

I & II

Lab Manuel Question #11: Which Cranial Nerves are motor only?

III, IV, VI, XI, & XII

Lab Manuel Question #12: Which Glial Cell creates the myelin sheath in the PNS?

Schwann Cells

Lab Manuel Question #13: Which Brodmann’s/functional area of the brain houses the personality?

prefrontal cortex

Lab Manuel Question #14: Where does the CSF travel after the third ventricle?

Cerebral Aqueduct

Lab Manuel Question #15: Folds of the cerebral cortex are called what?

Gyri (grooves are sulci)