Jim Crow laws

Segregation

Segregation is when people are separated based on their race.

What was Georgia's first Jim Crow law about?

Georgia's first Jim Crow law required whites and African Americans to ride in separate railroad cars.

Why did Georgia and other southern states pass Jim Crow laws?

Georgia and other southern states passed Jim Crow laws to enforce racial segregation.

Jim Crow laws consisted of

Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation, creating separate facilities for African Americans and whites.

These laws lasted nearly 100 years and violated African Americans' rights.

1. What law did Louisiana pass in 1890 regarding railway cars?

African Americans and whites could not share the same railway cars.

Who was jailed for sitting in the "Whites Only" section of the East Louisiana Railroad?

Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the "Whites Only" section of the East Louisiana Railroad.( orchestrated by comité of citizens

What was the racial background of Homer Plessy?

Plessy was seven-eighths white and one-eighth black.

1. Which amendments did Plessy claim were violated in his case?

1. Plessy claimed that his rights under the 13th and 14th Amendments were violated.

2. What was the final ruling of the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson?

2. The Supreme Court ruled against Plessy.

3. What constitutional principle did the Supreme Court establish in this case?

3. The Supreme Court established the principle of "separate but equal."

“ separate but equal”

"Separate but equal" meant people could be kept apart by race as long as their facilities were the same.

Disenfranchisement

Disenfranchisement means taking away someone's right to vote.

What was a poll tax?

A poll tax was a fee to vote, and many African-Americans couldn't afford it, so they couldn't vote.

Why could many African Americans vote?

2. Many African-Americans couldn't vote because they were too poor to pay the tax.

Literary test?

3. Literacy test laws required voters to read a passage before voting.

4. About half of African-Americans couldn't read, so they couldn't vote.

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is a group that believes white people are better. They have hurt and scared African Americans and others.

Booker T Washington

Booker T. Washington was an African American leader who started the Tuskegee Institute. Former slave He worked to help Black people get education and better jobs.

Tuskegee

The Tuskegee Institute is a school started by Booker T. Washington in 1881. It helped African Americans learn skills and get better jobs.

W. E. B Dubois

W. E. B. Du Bois was a scholar and activist who co-founded the NAACP and fought for equal rights and education.

NAACP

NAACP stands for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Marcus Garvey

Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican political leader who founded the UNIA, promoting Black nationalism and the return to Africa.

UNIA

The UNIA, started by Marcus Garvey, worked to unite Black people and promote self-reliance.