GCSE Biology Revision "Exercise"

What increases in the body during exercise to meet energy demands?

Aerobic respiration increases, requiring more oxygen.

What happens to breathing rate and volume during exercise?

Both breathing rate and breathing volume increase.

What is anaerobic respiration?

A type of respiration that occurs when there is not enough oxygen, leading to incomplete oxidation of glucose.

What chemical builds up in the muscles during anaerobic respiration?

Lactic acid.

What is oxygen debt?

The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to remove accumulated lactic acid.

What happens to lactic acid after it is produced in the muscles?

It is transported to the liver and converted back to glucose.

Why do people continue breathing rapidly after vigorous exercise?

To supply the extra oxygen needed to deal with accumulated lactic acid.

What is a key consequence of lactic acid buildup in the muscles?

Muscle fatigue, preventing efficient contraction.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration regarding energy output?

Aerobic respiration produces more energy (ATP) compared to anaerobic respiration.

How does regular exercise affect the heart?

It strengthens the heart muscle and improves its efficiency in pumping blood.