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amygdala
part of the limbic system, related to fear and rage
association areas
cortical areas involved in higher order functions like learning
broca's area
in the left frontal lobe, specializes in language production
cerebellum
little brain, coordinates muscle movement and balance
cerebral cortex
covering of the brain, responsible for information processing
cingulate gyrus
coordinates emotions, sensory input; attending to own thoughts
convolution
one of several folds of the cerebral cortex
corpus callosum
band of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres
frontal lobes
involved in speaking, making plans, decision-making
fusiform gyrus
face and number recognition
glial cells
cells that nourish, protect, and support neurons
gyrus
a folding out of the cerebral cortex
hippocampus
part of the limbic system, related to long term memory formation
hypothalamus
part of the limbic system; contains hunger, thirst, pleasure centers
lateral hypothalamus
part of the hypothalamus known as the hunger center
medulla (oblongata)
base of the brainstem controlling heart and breathing rates
motor cortex
back of the front lobe, responsible for voluntary movement
nucleus accumbens
part of the hypothalamus known as the pleasure center
occipital lobes
include the visual processing centers
olfactory bulb
processes information related to taste and smell
parietal lobes
includes the sensory cortex; responsible for tactile-processing
pineal gland
endocrine gland that produces melatonin, related to sleep
pituitary gland
regulates growth of the individual
pons
connects forebrain to midbrain; controls facial expressions
reticular formation
neural network of the pons regulating wakefulness, arousal
sensory cortex
front of the parietal lobe; processes bodily sensations
sulcus
a folding in of the cerebral cortex
temporal lobes
includes the auditory processing center
thalamus
brain's switchboard; sends messages to proper areas of the cortex
ventromedial hypothal
part of the hypothalamus known as the satiety center
wernicke's area
located in left hemisphere, interprets language, auditory information
acetylcholine
(nt) related to motor movement, associated with Alzheimer's disease
dopamine
(nt) related to alertness, motor movement, associated with schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease
endorphins
(nt) related to pain control; involved in addictions
gaba
(nt) inhibitory, associated with Huntington's, seizures
glutamate
(nt) involved in ltm and pain perception
norepinephrine
(nt) affects arousal, wakefulness, learning, memory, and mood
serotonin
(nt) related to arousal, mood, sleep, associated with anxiety, depression