Civi séance 3 henrician reformation

Christianity (le Christianisme)

The Christian religion followed by individuals who are Christians.

Christendom (la Chrétienté)

The collective body of Christians, including the Pope and those who are Christians.

Sacraments

Symbolic ceremonies believed to convey spiritual gifts from God.

Church

The ecclesiastical organization of Christianity.

≠ Church

A building dedicated to Christian worship.

Catholic

Part of the Christian Church under the authority of the Pope.

Reformation

The religious movement aimed at reforming the doctrines and practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Protestant

Initially used for German Reformers and later extended to all reformers.

Bible

The combination of the Old Testament (Jewish Scriptures in Hebrew) and the New Testament (Christian Scriptures in Greek).

Pre-Reformation Tudor culture

A predominantly oral culture with significant cultural variations among social classes, low literacy levels, and reliance on sermons for contact with Scriptures.

Christian Calendar

The festive calendar of the Catholic Church, organizing seasonal cycles like the winter Christmas cycle, spring Easter cycle, and summer Whitsun cycle for celebration and rest.

Humanism

The rediscovery of Latin and Greek Antiquity authors, study of Hebrew and Greek versions of the Old and New Testaments, and criticism of the abuses of the papacy and Church hierarchy.

Martin Luther

German priest who in 1517 rejected the Pope's authority, denounced abuses in the Church, redefined doctrines of salvation, and reduced the number of sacraments.

Reformation Parliament

Summoned by the king to legitimize his supremacy, making the King-in-Parliament the sovereign lawmaker and the supreme head of the Church, turning ecclesiastical change into a political matter.

Doctrine & Belief

Doctrine =abstract concepts changed by authority, changes suddenly and fastly

Belief =adherence without theological training, changes slowly

Supremacy

The Act of Supremacy 1534 shifted authority from the Pope to the King of England.

Dissolution of monasteries

The Suppression of Religious Houses Act 1536 led to the closure of monasteries and religious orders in England from 1536 to 1540.

Pilgrimage of Grace

A protest and rebellion in 1536-7 involving around 30,000 men in Yorkshire, pacified by Norfolk’s army.

Uniformity

The Ten Articles of 1536 aimed to establish a compromise between reformed and Catholic faith, reducing sacraments and redefining Purgatory.

Vernacular Bible

Cranmer was tasked with translating the Bible into English, published in 1539 and made mandatory in all parishes.

Alliance with Lutherans

Henry VIII's shift towards Luther's theology was primarily to form an alliance with German Lutherans against Charles V.

Six articles of Faith

Introduced in 1539, reaffirming Catholic beliefs, influenced by Gardiner and Norfolk.

Cromwell's downfall

Cromwell was arrested and executed for treason and heresy due to accusations of being a 'sacramentarian' and a threat to the Church hierarchy.

Treaty of Greenwich

In July 1543, arranged a marriage between Edward Tudor and Mary Stuart, later renounced by the Scottish Parliament.

Doctrinal instability

Henry VIII's break with Rome caused significant religious changes in England, leading to a period of doctrinal instability and social disorganization.