DNA Repair and Damage

Carcinogen

Cancer-causing substance/condition; causes DNA damage

DNA Repair (Single Strand)

One side of DNA strand by removing section of damaged DNA. Repair enzymes use the information in undamaged strands a guide to fix it

DNA Repair (Backbone Break; Homologous Chromosome)

If homologous chromosome is available, cell uses homology-directed repair. Information in the chromosome is used to fix broken one

DNA Repair (Backbone Break; Extensive Damage)

Repair enzymes join ends without a guide using NHEJ. An emergency repair that results in point mutations (Best Case) or huge chunks of DNA moved around or lost (Worse Case)

BRCA1/BRCA2

Encode a protein involved in both DNA repair

p53

Blocks cell division if DNA is damaged

RB

Works with p53