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Myer's Psychology (2nd Edition)
Social Facilitation
improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social Loafing
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Deindividualization
the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occuring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Group Polarization
the enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through group discussion within the group
Groupthink
the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternates
Culture
the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people
Norm
an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior
Prejudice
an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members
Sterotype
a generalized belief about a group of people
Discrimination
unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group of people and its members
Just-World Phenonmenon
the tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Ingroup
“us”-people with thom we share a common identity
Outgroup
“them”-those perceived as different or apart from out ingroup
Ingroup Bias
the tendency to favour our own group
Scapegoat Theory
the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame
Otherrace Effect
the tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races.
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