READING AND WRITING

ASSERTIONS

DECLARATIVE STATEMENTS THAT CLAIM SOMETHING IS TRUE ABOUT SOMETHING ELSE

FACT

TYPE OF CLAIM THAT IS PROVEN OBJECTIVELY AND ARE RESULTS OF RESEARCH

• EXPLICIT

• VERIFIABLE

• INCLUDES REFERENCES

CONVENTION

TYPE OF CLAIM THAT IS A WAY IN WHICH SOMETHING IS DONE

• DOES NOT APPLY TO EVERYONE

• GENERAL STATEMENTS

• SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE

• SIMILAR TO NORMS AND TRADITIONS

OPINION

TYPE OF CLAIM THAT ARE BASED ON FACTS

• DEBATABLE

• SUGGESTIVE (OUGHT, SHOULD, MUST, SHOWS)

PREFERENCE

TYPE OF CLAIM BASED ON PERSONAL CHOICE

• NON-DEBATABLE

• COMPARES (MORE THAN, MOST)

COUNTERCLAIMS

STATEMENTS THAT REBUT OR CONTRAST A PREVIOUS CLAIM

EVIDENCE

DETAILS GIVEN BY THE AUTHOR TO SUPPORT HIS OR HER CLAIM

FACTS AND STATISTICS, OPINIONS FROM EXPERTS, PERSONAL ANECDOTES

EXAMPLES OF EVIDENCE (FOP)

UNIFIED, RELEVANT, SPECIFIC AND CONCRETE, ACCURATE, REPRESENTATIVE

CHARACTERISTICS OF EVIDENCE (URSAR)

PREWRITING, DRAFTING, REVISSING, EDITING, PUBLISHING

WRITING PROCESS (PDREP)

BRAINSTORMING

PREWRITING STRATEGY WHERE YOU LIST DOWN WORDS AND PHRASES THAT MAY BE RELATED TO YOUR TOPIC

CLUSTERING

ALSO KNOWN AS MAPPING, PREWRITING STRATEGY WHERE YOU WRITE A WORD OR PHRASE IN THE MIDDLE AND THINK OF OTHERS RELATED TO IT

FREEWRITING

PREWRITING STRATEGY WHERE A STREAM OF CONNECTED IDEAS COME OUT OF YOUR MIND (WRITING NONSTOP)

PREWRITING

FIRST AND LONGEST STAGE OF THE WRITING PROCESS

PURPOSE, AUDIENCE, TOPIC, TONE

THINGS TO CONSIDER IN DETERMINING THE WRITING SITUATION (PATT)

WRITING SITUATION

THE CONTEXT OF YOUR ASSIGNMENT

PURPOSE

THE REASON WHY YOU ARE WRITING

AUDIENCE

YOUR TARGET READERS

TOPIC

THE SPECIFIC ISSUE OF YOUR ASSIGNMENT

TONE

THE AUTHOR’S ATTITUDES AND FEELINGS THAT THEY WANT TO CONVEY

THESIS STATEMENT

THE CENTRAL IDEA OF AN ESSAY

YOUR PURPOSE FOR WRITING

WHAT DOES YOUR THESIS STATEMENT REFLECT?

WORKING THESIS STATEMENT

YOUR INITIAL THESIS STATEMENT THAT WILL BE ADJUSTED LATER ON

OVERLY-OPINIONATED STANDS, ANNOUNCEMENTS, STATING ONLY FACTS

THINGS TO AVOID IN WRITING A THESIS STATEMENT (OAS)