RIPH

#GESTALT

History

is derived from the Greek word historia which means learning by inquiry.

Historians

write the history and seek to understand past events.

Factual history

presents readers the plain and basic information that took place.

Speculative History

presents readers the information that go beyond the facts, a speculation on the cause and effect of an event

Histography

The traditional method in doing historical research that focus on gathering of documents from different libraries and archives, and a practice of historical writing.

Historical Method                       

The historians aim about the past; the truth, authenticity, plausibility.

Historical Method                         

An important element of historical method

PRIMARY SOURCES

Are sourced from the artifacts that have been left by the past

Testimonies of Witnesses

Created to serve as records, these describe an event, a property exchange speeches and commentaries.

Diplomatic Sources                       

Are information pertaining to economic, social, political, or judicial significance.

Narrative or Literature

Are chronicles or tracts presented to impart a message whose motives for their composition vary widely

Diplomatic Sources                       

Are understood to be those which record an existing legal situation or create a new one, and it is treated

Material Evidence                        

These materials can tell a great deal about the ways of life of people in the past

Secondary Sources

These materials are made by people long after the events being described had taken place, to provide  valuable interpretations of historical events

Material Evidence                       

These materials are original and factual; they are usually made during or close to the event or period.

Oral Evidence

These materials are important; they are usually told in tales or sagas of ancient people.

Historical Criticism

It examines the origins of earliest text to appreciate the underlying circumstances upon which the text   came to be.

External Criticism 

It determines the authenticity of the source.

Tradition Criticism

It attempts to trace the developmental stages of oral tradition from its historical emergence to its literary

Anak ng Bayan                             

What was the password used for the codes of "Katipon"?

The people there stole their boats

Why Magellan named Guam the "Island of thieves"?

Nobody

According to Corazon Aquino's Speech she said, "The dictator had called him a__________. Yet, two million people threw aside their passivity and fear and escorted him to his grave".

Primary resources

 First Voyage around the World", "Kartilya ng Katipunan" are examples of _______________. Select one:

Ferdinand Magellan

He was the Portuguese explorer to circumnavigate the globe. In 1519. Select one:

They wanted to spread their religion

What is the main thing that makes Spain want to colonize Philippines?

Pre Spanish Period                     

Maritime trade with neighboring countries, such as China and other Southeast Asian nations, played a crucial role in shaping early Filipino cultures.

Sociopolitical Organization       

Datu governed with the assistance of a council of elders and warriors.

The Philippines

What country does Spain colonized in South East Asia?

A period when the Philippines got conquered by the Spanish  

What is the Spanish Colonial Period?

Limasawa                

The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held in___________.

Nivez Fernandez                                   

A filipino primary school teacher who killed more than 200 Japanese soldirers.

Galleon Trade

Spanish treasure ships which transported precious goods like silk, spices, and porcelain from Manila in the Philippines to Acapulco, Mexico, between 1565 and 1815

Manuel L. Quezon                                 

The first President of the Philippine Commonwealth established under United States.

Jose P. Laurel                                          

A Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the president of the Japanese-occupied Second Philippine Republic, a puppet state during World War II, from 1943 to 1945.

World War II

the deadliest battle in history

Ferdinad E. Marcos Sr

He ruled under martial law from 1972 until 1981 and kept most of his martial law powers until he was deposed in 1986, branding his rule as "constitutional authoritarianism" under his Kilusang Bagong Lipunan

Emilio Aguinaldo

He was a Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who is the first and youngest president of the Philippines

Melchora Aquino                                       

Known as "Tandang Sora", she was an elderly woman who provided support and shelter to Filipino revolutionaries during the Philippine Revolution against Spain

Andres  Bonifacio

Revolutionary leader and one of the founders of the Katipunan, a secret society that sought Philippine independence from Spanish rule. He played a crucial role in organizing the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish colonial government.

April, 1942                                                    

After the fall of Bataan in______________, about 75,000 Filipino and American soldiers were forced to march to prison camps in what became known as the Bataan Death March.

Apolinario Mabini                                        

He was a political philosopher, revolutionary, and the first Prime Minister of the Philippines. He played a key role in the Philippine Revolution and later in the resistance against American colonization.

Battle  of Manila                                         

One of the most brutal urban battles of the Pacific War. American and Filipino forces fought to liberate the capital city from Japanese control. The battle resulted in widespread destruction and the loss of many civilian lives.

SEPTEMBER 21, 1972

Martial law was declared in the Philippines on

Constitution

The 1987_____________ serves as the supreme law of the land, establishing the structure of government, protecting individual rights, and promoting social justice.

July 4, 1946                     

The Philippines gained independence from the United States on ____________

Ferdinad E. Marcos Sr

The Commander in Chief from 2022-2028 in the Philippines

Consummatum Est

Rizal's last words during his execution by firing squad in Bagumbayan on December 30, 1896.

AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD

The country faced post-war challenges, including reconstruction and political stability.

GABRIELA SILANG

The first female revolutionary leader.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

Fishing and maritime trade were crucial for coastal communities.

RELIGIONS AND BELIEFS

An animistic belief system prevailed, with reverence for nature, spirits, and ancestral beings.

PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

Maritime trade with neighboring countries, such as China and other Southeast Asian nations, played a crucial role in shaping early Filipino cultures.

FILIPINO RESISTANCE AND REVOLUTION

The 19th century saw the rise of nationalist sentiments and calls for reform.

AMERCAN COLONIAL PERIOD

The Philippines transitioned from a colony to a Commonwealth in 1935.

SPANISH COLONIAL ERA

The Philippines became a Spanish colony for over 300 years, influencing the culture, religion, and governance of the archipelago.

JAPANESE OCCUPATION

The Filipino resistance, led by guerrilla fighters, played a vital role in resisting.  

WRITING SYSTEM

The Baybayin script was utilized for communication, although it wasn't as widely used as in other ancient Southeast Asian cultures.

MARCELO H. DELPILAR

Created “Diariong Tagalog”.

FERDINAND MAELLAN

He landed in Homonhon Island and later made contact with local chieftains in Cebu. Magellan's arrival marked the beginning of Spanish exploration and colonization in the archipelago.

Circulo Hispano Filipino (Kapisanang Español Filipino). BOUNUS

1892

Jose Rizal Re-Arival with Andres Bonifacio and Apolinario Mabini.

ANTONIO LUNA

Taga ilog.

JUAN LUNA

Buan-

24 SENATORS

 Number of senators in the Philippines.

CEBU

Oldest City in the Philippines.

SPANISH TREATMENT

Filipinos as a second-class citizens in their own country and many rebelled against Spanish rule.

TRUE

___1. The ancient Filipinos were skilled navigators and traders, using boats called "balangays."

TRUE

___2. Oral traditions, folklore, and epics like the "Hudhud" and "Darangen" were passed down

                           through generations

FALSE

__3. The Datu script was utilized for communication, although it wasn't as widely used as in other Southeast Asian cultures

TRUE

Beleif Practice Customary laws governed social behavior and relationships within communities.

TRUE

Economic Activities  Fishing and maritime trade were crucial for coastal communities

FALSE

Governer governed with the assistance of a council of elders and warriors.

FALSE

The Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule erupted in 1897, culminating in the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1895

TRUE

Japanese Occupation (1942-1945) During World War II, the Philippines fell under Japanese occupation

TRUE

The Philippines gained independence from the United States on July 4, 1946.

FALSE

The Pre colonial  government is structured as a democratic republic with a system of checks and balances

TRUE

Start of war: The war in the Philippines officially ended with the surrender of Japanese forces in August 1945, following the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki andJapan's subsequent capitulation. The Philippines regained its independence from the UnitedStates on July 4, 1946.

TRUE

Gregorio del Pilar: Del Pilar was one of the youngest generals during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War. He became famous for his bravery and leadership, particularly in the Battle of Tirad Pass

Emilio Aguinaldo: Bonifacio was a revolutionary leader who founded the Katipunan, a secret society that aimed for Philippine independence from Spanish rule. He played a pivotal role in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial forces.

TRUE

TRUE__14.  Marcelo H. del Pilar: Del Pilar was a journalist, lawyer, and prominent propagandist during the Spanish colonial period. He used his writing to expose the abuses of Spanish authorities and advocate for reforms.

TRUE

Manuel L. Quezon: Quezon served as the second president of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He played a significant role in advocating for Philippine independence from American rule and in the drafting of the Philippine Constitution.

TRUE

Sergio Osmeña: succeeded Quezon as president and served from 1944 to 1946. He led the country during the tumultuous period of World War II and the early years of Philippine independence.

TRUE

Marcos declared martial law on September 22, 1972, citing the need to suppress communist nsurgency and restore law and order. However, martial law enabled him to consol power and establish an authoritarian regime characterized by human rights abuses censorship, and corruption.

TRUE

. Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986) - Marcos declared martial law in 1972 and ruled as a dictator until 1986

TRUE

Corazon Aquino (1986–1992) - The first female President of the Philippines, who came to Power

TRUE

Bataan Death March: Following the surrender of American and Filipino forces on the Bataan Peninsula in July 1942, tens of thousands of Filipino and American prisoners of war were to the infamous Bataan Death March. The prisoners were forced to march for   miles under brutal conditions, resulting in many deaths due to starvation, dehydration, and  mistreatment.