Orthopedics, Ostomy, Wound Care, NG Tube, CVAD, Tracheostomy, and Subcutaneous Port Care

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts in orthopedics, ostomy care, wound care, NG tubes, CVADs, tracheostomy care, and subcutaneous port care.

Purpose of casts

To immobilize fractures, maintain alignment, promote healing, and reduce pain/spasms.

Types of casts

Plaster casts, fiberglass casts, body casts, back slab casts.

Compartment syndrome

Excess swelling and pressure in a confined space, leading to complications.

Neurovascular assessment (6 P’s)

Pain, Pallor, Pulse, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pale.

Skin traction

Short-term traction applied to the skin, lighter weight, less invasive.

Skeletal traction

Long-term traction with pins inserted into bone for precise alignment.

Types of ostomies

Ileostomy, ascending colostomy, transverse colostomy, descending/sigmoid colostomy.

Wound assessment (Braden scale)

Evaluates risk for pressure ulcers; lower scores indicate higher risk.

Common dressing types

Gauze, Telfa, Hydrocolloid, Petroleum gauze, Foam, Alginate.

Suctioning procedure for tracheostomy

Insert catheter until resistance, apply suction while withdrawing in a circular motion.

NG tube indications

Gastric decompression, enteral feeding, medication administration.

PICC line

Peripherally inserted central catheter used for long-term IV therapy.

Flushing procedure

Clears the lines; usually requires 10 mL NS minimum with a 10 mL or larger syringe.

Suctioning frequency

Usually requires suctioning based on respiratory status and secretions.

Stoma assessment

Color, moisture, and report signs of distress (e.g., pale, dusky).

Documentation for wound care

Includes location, size, appearance, drainage, pain, and dressing applied.

Patient education for tracheostomy

Emergency care, signs of infection, and cleaning techniques for their trach.