Microscopic Examination of Urine

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24 Terms

1
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Recommended urine volume for sediment prep

10-15 mL (recommended: <12 mL)

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Centrifuge speed and time for urine sediment prep

400 RCF for 5 minutes

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How much urine should remain after centrifugation?

0.5-1.0 mL

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Sediment volume transferred to slide and coverslip size

20 µL sediment, 22 x 22 mm coverslip

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Microscope magnification for urine sediment exam

10 LPO, 10 HPO under reduced light

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If <12 mL urine is available

Centrifuge 3 mL

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If <3 mL urine is available

Examine sediment without centrifugation

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Formula for calculating RCF

RCF = 1.118 x 10⁻⁵ x radius in cm x RPM²

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Objective used first to detect casts

LPO (Low Power Objective)

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Objective used for further identification

HPO (High Power Objective)

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Purpose of Addis Count

Quantitative measure of formed elements using hemacytometer

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Addis Count specimen and preservative

12-hour urine specimen; preservative: formalin

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Normal Addis Count for RBCs

0-500,000/12-hr urine

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Normal Addis Count for WBCs & ECs

0-1,800,000/12-hr urine

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Normal Addis Count for hyaline casts

0-5,000/12-hr urine

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Location of first lens system

Objective, adjusted near specimen

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Location of second lens system

Eyepiece (ocular lens)

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What does resolution mean?

Ability to distinguish two small objects apart

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Meaning of parfocal

Minimal adjustment needed when switching objectives

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Purpose of camel-hair brush

Remove dust from optical surface

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Purpose of lens paper

Clean optical surfaces of microscope

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Purpose of commercial lens cleaner

Remove contaminants on lens

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How to remove oil on lens

Lens paper, then lens paper moistened with cleaner

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Why avoid xylene for oil lenses

Xylene is toxic