Unit 6 - Consequences of Industrialization (WHAP)

Imperialism

act of extending rule/authority over foreign countries through

• direct control

• indirect control

• economic control

Motives for Imperialism

1) money

2) white man’s Burden: duty among Europeans to colonize people who can’t do it themselves

3) Nationalism: one group is superior to another

4) Social Darwinism: belief that stronger people/continues should rule weaker ones because they are better

5) desire to spread Christianity

Berlin Conference

conference meeting b/w the european leaders to decide what parts of Africa they get (NO African leaders were present at this meeting)

Resistance (Ashante Kingdom)

fought the Yaa Asantewaa war to resist imperialism against the British

Resistance (Ethiopia)

Ethiopia successfully resisted European colonization, defeating Italy at the Battle of Adwa

Anglo-Zulu War

b/w British and Zulu war that occurred in 1879, where the Zulu kingdom aimed to resist British expansion. (they lost)

Resistance (British-East India Company)

indian company had a major influence on Indian w/princes and landlords →sepoy rebellion (indian revolved against British) → British winning

Resistance (Xhosa Cattle Killing)

natives believed that if they killed all their cattle, then there ancestors will come back →starvation and death

Resistance (Paiute Ghost Dance)

refers to the efforts of Paiute tribes against colonization and loss of their lands, particularly during conflicts in the late 19th century.

Economic Ways to imperialize

British East India Company (India)

Opium Wars (China): Britain spelled opium → China banning it → war b/w British & China →British victory

Treaty of Nanjing: after losing opium war China gave Britain:

• Hong Kong

• let more trade in China

• pay money

Taiping rebellion: civil war b/w the Taipings (who wanted to take over) & the Qing dynasty who won w/help of western powers

Boxer Rebellion: uprising w/group called “Boxers” attacking foreigns/Chinese christians to drive out foreign influence & western powers had to intervene & won

Industrial Revolution (Effects on transportation & communication)

railroads (lowered cost of transp.goods)

steamships:

telegraph: comm. w/instant speed

telephone:

Natural Resources

cotton - India

Rubber - Amazon & central Africa

• King Leopold 2: king of Belgium who took over king of congo and made people work to get rubber

palm oil - central africa

silver - latin america

guano - Peru & chile

diamonds - south africa

Migration

India →british colonies

Chinese →U.S (for railroads)

Japanese →Hawaii, Peru, Cuba (for sugar plantation)

Effects of Migration

U.S Chinese Exclusion Act: Chinese couldn’t have white jobs

Australia Chinese immigration act of 1855: restricted Chinese immigration and established strict quotas.

White Australia Policy: set restrictions on non-European immigration

Labor Systems

low wage laborers

indentured servants: people agreed to work for a specific period of time, then could be released

Ethnic Enclaves

geographic area w/high ethnic concentration of similar cultural identity