A&P lab quiz 5

The appendicular skeleton consists of

1. pelvic girdle
2. pectoral girdle

The pelvic girdle attaches

the lower limbs to the body trunk

functions of the pelvic girdle

1. attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton via strong ligaments
2. transmits the weight of the upper body to the lower limbs
3. support of pelvic organs

Compared to the pectoral girdle, the pelvic girdle

provides LESS mobility but MORE stability

the coxal bone consists of 3 fused bones

1. ilium
2. ischium
3. pubis

image of the coxal bone (lateral view)

image of the coxal bone (medial view)

differentiate between male vs. female pelvis

image of the femur

The major bone of the thigh is

the femur

The patella covers the articulation between

the thigh and the leg

2 main bones of the leg

1. tibia
2. fibula

The tibia and fibula are connected via

the interosseous membrane

tibia

* the medical leg bone
* transmits weight from the femur to the foot

fibula

* not weight bearing
* no articulation with the femur
* several muscles within the lower limb originate from the fibula

image of the tibia & fibula

3 main categories of bones in the foot

1. tarsus
2. metatarsals
3. phalanges

tarsus

* weight bearing bones: talus & calcaneus
* other bones include the cuboid, navicular, and medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiform bones

metatarsals

* 5 bones numbered from 1 to 5 from the hallux to the little toe
* “ball of the foot” is formed by enlarged head of metatarsal 1

phalanges

* 14 bones of the toes
* digit 1 (hallux) only has 2 bones -- no middle phalanx is present !
* digits 2-5 have 3 bones -- proximal, middle, and distal phalanx

image of the bones in the foot