01.AB BIO, HN Characteristics of Living Things, & Hierarchy of Life (PARTS A & B)

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40 Terms

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Biology

The study of life

<p>The study of life</p>
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Cell

Basic unit of life

<p>Basic unit of life</p>
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Unicellular

Made of a single cell

<p>Made of a single cell</p>
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Multicellular

Made up of more than one cell

<p>Made up of more than one cell</p>
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Organism

A living thing

<p>A living thing</p>
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Prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

<p>A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles</p>
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Eukaryote

A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

<p>A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles</p>
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Reproduction

Create new cells or a new individual

<p>Create new cells or a new individual</p>
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Sexual reproduction (Description)

A process in which cells or DNA from two different parents join to form a genetically unique organism

<p>A process in which cells or DNA from two different parents join to form a genetically unique organism</p>
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Sexual reproduction (Examples)

Examples include conjugation, fertilization and pollination

<p>Examples include conjugation, fertilization and pollination</p>
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Asexual reproduction (Description)

A process in which a single parent reproduces by itself to make an identical copy of itself

<p>A process in which a single parent reproduces by itself to make an identical copy of itself</p>
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Asexual reproduction (Examples)

Examples include binary fission, budding, fragmentation, regeneration and mitosis

<p>Examples include binary fission, budding, fragmentation, regeneration and mitosis</p>
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Evolve

The process in which species change over time

<p>The process in which species change over time</p>
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Adaptation

A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce

<p>A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce</p>
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DNA

A nucleic acid found in the nucleus of all living cells, which carries the organism's hereditary information

<p>A nucleic acid found in the nucleus of all living cells, which carries the organism's hereditary information</p>
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Homeostasis (Description)

Maintaining a constant internal environment

<p>Maintaining a constant internal environment</p>
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Homeostasis (Examples)

Examples include the ability of humans to maintain a body temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or the ability to maintain blood sugar levels

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Energy

The ability to do work

<p>The ability to do work</p>
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Autotroph

An organism that makes its own food

<p>An organism that makes its own food</p>
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Heterotroph

An organism that obtain food by eating other organisms or their by-products

<p>An organism that obtain food by eating other organisms or their by-products</p>
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Growth (Description)

An increase in the size of an organism

<p>An increase in the size of an organism</p>
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Growth (Examples)

Examples includes a plant getting bigger or a cell getting bigger

<p>Examples includes a plant getting bigger or a cell getting bigger</p>
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Development (Description)

The process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism

<p>The process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism</p>
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Development (Examples)

Examples include a tadpole becoming a frog or a fetus becoming an adult

<p>Examples include a tadpole becoming a frog or a fetus becoming an adult</p>
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Virus

A tiny, nonliving particle that typically contain a protein coat surrounding an RNA or DNA core of genetic material but no semipermeable membrane, that are capable of growth and multiplication only in living cells, and that cause various important diseases in humans, animals, or plants.

<p>A tiny, nonliving particle that typically contain a protein coat surrounding an RNA or DNA core of genetic material but no semipermeable membrane, that are capable of growth and multiplication only in living cells, and that cause various important diseases in humans, animals, or plants.</p>
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Capsid

Outer protein coat of a virus

<p>Outer protein coat of a virus</p>
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Envelope

a membranelike layer that covers the capsids of some viruses

<p>a membranelike layer that covers the capsids of some viruses</p>
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Atom

Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element

<p>Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element</p>
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Molecules

Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

<p>Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds</p>
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Macromolecules

Four main classes of large biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids)

<p>Four main classes of large biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids)</p>
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Cell

Basic unit of life

<p>Basic unit of life</p>
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Tissue

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

<p>A group of similar cells that perform the same function.</p>
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Organ

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

<p>A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body</p>
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Organ system

Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

<p>Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function</p>
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Organism

A living thing

<p>A living thing</p>
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Population

A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area.

<p>A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area.</p>
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Community

A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other

<p>A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other</p>
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Ecosystem

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

<p>A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.</p>
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Biome

A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

<p>A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms</p>
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Biosphere

Earth

<p>Earth</p>

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