Chapter 11-Management

the stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity

personality

personality where someone is more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment

proactive personality

What are the 5 different personality dimensions?

extroversion

agreeableness

emotional stability

conscientiousness

openness to experience

What is the personality dimension that is outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive?

extroversion

What is the personality dimension that is trusting, good-natured, cooperative, and soft-hearted?

agreeableness

What is the personality dimension that is relaxed, secure, and unworried?

emotional stability

What is the personality dimension that is dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, and persistant?

conscientiousness

What is the personality dimension that is intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded?

openness to experience

represent a stable personality trait that encompasses an individual’s subconscious, fundamental evaluations about themselves, their own abilities, and their own control

core-self evaluation

What 4 positive individual traits are included in the core-self evaluation?

self-efficacy

self-esteem

locus of control

emotional stability

belief in one’s ability to do a task

self-efficacy

represents individuals’ perceptions of their ability to perform across a variety of different situations

generalized self-efficacy

the extent to which people like or dislike themselves

self-esteem

indicates how much people believe they control their fate through their own efforts

locus of control

you believe you control your destiny

internal locus of control

you believe external forces control you

external locus of control

the extent to which people feel secure and unworried and to which they are likely to experience negative emotions under pressure

emotional stabiltiy

the ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance though

emotional intelligence

What are the 4 traits of emotional intelligence?

self-awareness

self-management

social awareness

relationship management

ability to read your own emotions and gauge your moods accurately, so you know how you’re affecting others

self-awareness

ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways

self-management

includes empathy, showing others that you care, and organizational intuition, so you keenly understand how your emotions and actions affect others

social awareness

ability to communicate clearly and convincingly, disarm conflicts, and build strong personal bonds

relationship management

focuses on the informal aspects of an organization (values, attitudes, personalities, perceptions, culture, etc.)

organizational behavior (OB)

abstract ideals that guide one’s thinking and behavior across all situations

values

a learned predisposition toward a specific object

attitude

What are the 3 components of attitudes?

affective

cognitive

behavioral

the component of attitude that involves your feelings or emotions that you have about a situation

affective

the component of attitude that includes the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation

cognitive

the component of attitude that includes how one intends or expects to behave toward a situation

behavioral

the psychological discomfort a person experiences between his or her cognitive attitude and incompatible behavior

cognitive dissonance

process of interpreting and understanding one’s environment

perception

What are the 4 steps of perception?

selective attention

interpretation and evaluation

storing in memory

retrieving from memory to make judgements and decisions

tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs

stereotyping

belief that certain jobs are best performed by persons of a specific gender

sex-role stereotypes

innacurately believing that older workers are less motivated, resistant to change, less trusting, and less healthy

age stereotypes

a simplified or false idea about someone based on their racial background or ethnicity

race stereotypes

attitudes or beliefs that affect our understanding, actions, and decision in an unconscious manner

implicit bias

forming an impression of an individual based on a single trait

halo effect

tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information

recency effect

inferring causes for observed behaviors

causal attributions

people attribute another person’s behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to situational factors

fundamental attribution bias

people tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure

self-serving bias

a phenonmenon by which people’s expectations of themselves or others lead them to behave in ways that make those expectations come true

self-fulfilling prophecy

Managers should be concerned with 3 types of employee attitudes which include…

employee engagement

job satisfaction

organizational commitment

an individual’s involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work

employee engagement

extent to which you feel positively or negatively abotu various aspects of your work

job satisfaction

reflects the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals

organizational commitment

represents all the ways people are alike and unalike

diversity

the tensions people feel when they’re facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively

stress