Praxis Core 5712 - Reading Main Concepts W/ Some Practice Questions And answers

Which sentence shows that both men made the discovery together?

a) James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of the structure of DNA earned them a Nobel Prize.

b) James Watson's and Francis Crick's discovery of the structure of DNA earned them a Nobel Prize.

c) James Watsons and Francis Cricks discovery of the structure of DNA earned them a Nobel Prize.

d) James Watson and Francis Cricks discovery of the structure of DNA earned them a Nobel Prize.

a) James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of the structure of DNA earned them a Nobel Prize.

Which sentence shows ownership correctly?

a) Edmund Hillary's and Tenzing Norgay's arrival on top of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953, was a first.

b) Edmund Hillarys and Tenzing Norgays arrival on top of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953, was a first.

c) Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgays arrival on top of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953, was a first.

d) Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay's arrival on top of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953, was a first.

d) Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay's arrival on top of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953, was a first.

Hank and Art each own pigeons. Which sentence shows their ownership correctly?

a) Hank's and Art's pigeons usually do pretty well in their club's races.

b) Hank and Art's pigeons usually do pretty well in their club's races.

c) Hanks and Arts pigeons usually do pretty well in their club's races.

d) Hank and Arts pigeons usually do pretty well in their club's races.

a) Hank's and Art's pigeons usually do pretty well in their club's races.

Anna owns a German shepherd, and Amanda owns a pug. Which sentence shows their ownership correctly?

a) Annas and Amandas dogs both like to swim in the lake and roll on dead fish.

b) Anna and Amanda's dogs both like to swim in the lake and roll on dead fish.

c) Anna's and Amanda's dogs both like to swim in the lake and roll on dead fish.

d) Anna and Amanda's dogs both like to swim in the lake and roll on dead fish.

c) Anna's and Amanda's dogs both like to swim in the lake and roll on dead fish.

Select the correctly spelled word.

a) conspiracies

b) conspiraces

a) conspiracies

Select the correctly spelled word.

a) vetos

b) vetoes

b) vetoes

Which sentence shows the quotation capitalized correctly?

a) Tashia once told me, "the grandfather of hip-hop is Afrika Bambaataa."

b) Tashia once told me, "The grandfather of hip-hop is Afrika Bambaataa."

b) Tashia once told me, "The grandfather of hip-hop is Afrika Bambaataa."

Which sentence shows the quotation capitalized correctly?

a) In a Greek drama, Ismene tells Antigone she has a "hot heart for chilling deeds."

b) In a Greek drama, Ismene tells Antigone she has a "Hot heart for chilling deeds."

a) In a Greek drama, Ismene tells Antigone she has a "hot heart for chilling deeds."

Which sentence shows the quotation capitalized correctly?

a) My father says, "You'll understand when you have children of your own."

b) My father says, "you'll understand when you have children of your own."

a) My father says, "You'll understand when you have children of your own."

Read the sentence below. If there are errors in the capitalization of names, places, or things, choose the sentence that is correct. If there are no errors, choose "correct as is."

There are many fun and interesting things to do in San diego.

a) There are many fun and interesting things to do in San Diego.

b) There are many fun and interesting things to do in san diego.

c) correct as is

a) There are many fun and interesting things to do in San Diego.

Read the sentence below. If there are errors in the capitalization of names, places, or things, choose the sentence that is correct. If there are no errors, choose "correct as is."

We often go to Cuyamaca State Park to camp in the summer.

a) We often go to Cuyamaca state park to camp in the summer.

b) We often go to cuyamaca state park to camp in the Summer.

c) correct as is

c) correct as is

Which sentence shows the correct and preferred use of pronouns?

a) My mom thinks a carpenter wears a tool belt around her waist mainly to look cool.

b) My mom thinks a carpenter wears a tool belt around his waist mainly to look cool.

c) My mom thinks carpenters wear tool belts around their waists mainly to look cool.

c) My mom thinks carpenters wear tool belts around their waists mainly to look cool.

Which sentence shows the correct and preferred use of pronouns?

a) Every postal carrier I know gets lots of exercise on his route.

b) Every postal carrier I know gets lots of exercise on his or her route.

c) Every postal carrier I know gets lots of exercise on her route.

d) Every postal carrier I know gets lots of exercise on their route.

b) Every postal carrier I know gets lots of exercise on his or her route.

Which sentence uses the correct verbs?

a) Someone at school need to know if anyone on the trip plans to leave early.

b) Someone at school needs to know if anyone on the trip plan to leave early.

c) Someone at school need to know if anyone on the trip plan to leave early.

d) Someone at school needs to know if anyone on the trip plans to leave early.

d) Someone at school needs to know if anyone on the trip plans to leave early.

Which sentence uses the correct verbs?

a) Both is competing in Saturday's race, but neither is expected to win.

b) Both are competing in Saturday's race, but neither are expected to win.

c) Both are competing in Saturday's race, but neither is expected to win.

d) Both is competing in Saturday's race, but neither are expected to win.

c) Both are competing in Saturday's race, but neither is expected to win.

Select the word that is correctly spelled.

a) receipt

b) reciept

c) recipt

a) receipt

Select the word that is correctly spelled.

a) peiety

b) piety

c) peity

b) piety

Which sentence has a proper noun?

a) The smallest country in the world has only 10,000 people.

b) Lichtenstein is the smallest country in the world.

b) Lichtenstein is the smallest country in the world.

Identify the sentence with a collective noun.

a) The soloist for the song was Evan Hunter.

b) The choir performed her favorite song.

b) The choir performed her favorite song.

Which is the abstract noun?

a) backpack

b) language

b) language

Which is the correct word for the blank?

I am ________ sorry I can't come to your party.

a) awfully

b) awful

a) awfully

Which is the correct word for the blank?

After helping Grandpa clean the garage all day, I ate Grandma's dinner __________.

a) complete

b) completely

b) completely

Select the sentence that is correctly punctuated.

a) Donna practiced for three hours; now she is ready.

b) Donna practiced for three hours: now she is ready.

a) Donna practiced for three hours; now she is ready.

Select the sentence that is correctly punctuated.

a) In health class we studied these systems endocrine, circulatory, and nervous.

b) In health class we studied these systems: endocrine, circulatory, and nervous.

b) In health class we studied these systems: endocrine, circulatory, and nervous.

Select the sentence that is correctly punctuated.

a) The bill required a two thirds majority for it to pass.

b) The bill required a two-thirds majority for it to pass.

b) The bill required a two-thirds majority for it to pass.

Marguerite Duras' achievement as a filmmaker was marked by refusal to become a professional of the cinema, with all that implies in terms of prestige, influence, financial backing, and even know-how. Although she made many films, she said that she knew very little about the technology of cinema, and that she had no reason to learn any more: "I was to remain where I am, on the first grounds of cinema, in the primitive zones."

The passage is primarily concerned with

a) condemning critics' failure to appreciate the work of a particular filmmaker

b) describing the attitude of a particular filmmaker

c) analyzing the style of a particular filmmaker

d) criticizing the technical shortcomings of a particular filmmaker

e) discussing the content of the works of a particular filmmaker

b) describing the attitude of a particular filmmaker

In 1888, just as its hospital was nearing completion, what was to become the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine ran out of funds; the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, on which the parent university had been depending for money, was experiencing financial difficulty. The railroad's financial troubles proved a stroke of luck for the cause of women's rights. When the directors did open the school in 1893, it was because five women had raised more than $500,000 through a multicity campaign. They had insisted, as a condition of this endowment, that Hopkins be the first school of medicine in the nation to admit men and women on equal terms.

Which of the following is an unstated assumption made by the author of the passage?

a) Even if it had not experienced financial difficulties, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad would not have furnished Johns Hopkins University with additional funds.

b) The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine would have excluded women if the fund-raisers had not insisted that the school admit women.

c) In 1888 Johns Hopkins University was suffering from a shortage of funds in all its schools.

d) The establishment of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine would spur the development of other schools of medicine.

e) The women fund-raisers themselves wished to be trained as doctors.

b) The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine would have excluded women if the fund-raisers had not insisted that the school admit women.

Alice Fletcher, the Margaret Mead of her day, assisted several American Indian nations that were threatened with removal from their land to the Indian Territory. She helped them in petitioning Congress for legal titles to their farms. When no response came from Washington, she went there herself to present their case.

According to the statement above, Alice Fletcher attempted to

a) imitate the studies of Margaret Mead

b) obtain property rights for American Indians

c) protect the integrity of the Indian Territory

d) become a member of the United States Congress

e) persuade Washington to expand the Indian Territory

b) obtain property rights for American Indians

If it can be said that a single voice dominated the American theater from 1980s through 2005, that voice definitely belonged to playwright August Wilson. Wilson, who has been dubbed "the American Shakespeare," was a prolific writer with more than ten major plays, numerous theatrical commentaries, and other creative work to his credit. Yet it is not merely the number of his productions that marks Wilson's dominance in modern drama, but his ability to put into words the ideas and experiences of everyday African Americans.

The passage supports which of the following claims about August Wilson?

Select all that apply

a) He was greatly influenced by William Shakespeare.

b) He was a highly productive writer who wrote in various genres.

c) He successfully articulated the thoughts and experiences of a specific community.

b) He was a highly productive writer who wrote in various genres.

c) He successfully articulated the thoughts and experiences of a specific community.

***BE ABLE TO READ LONG PASSAGES AND ANSWER QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE PASSAGES

See pages 14-21; 24-29; 34-45 of https://www.ets.org/s/praxis/pdf/5712.pdf for practice examples and answers

***BE ABLE TO READ TABLES, CHARTS, GRAPHS, ETC. AND ANSWER QUESTIONS ACCORDINGLY

See pages 32 & 33 for an example

https://www.ets.org/s/praxis/pdf/5712.pdf

Reading Comprehension

The ability to understand, analyze and evaluate texts of different kinds

Two Types of Main Idea Questions

Main Idea

Primary Purpose

Main Idea Questions

Ask about the central point of a passage

Primary Purpose Questions

Ask about the author's purpose.

Supporting Idea

Ideas used to support or elaborate on the main idea

Vocabulary Questions

Identify the meanings of words as they are used in the context of a reading passage.

Organization Questions

How the content of a reading passage is put together to achieve the author's purpose.

Inference Questions

A statement that is clearly suggested or implied by the author.

Based on information given in the passage but is not stated in the passage.

Evidence Questions

Sometimes you will be given hypothetical pieces of evidence and asked which of them is relevant to supporting an argument made in a passage.

Other questions ask you to identify which of the several pieces of evidence strengthens or weakens an argument made in a passage.

Assumption Questions

Will ask you to recognize the ideas or perspectives that underlie an author's arguments.

Assumptions

Unstated ideas or facts that the author accepts as true or takes for granted

Facts

Can be verified (as objectively true or false) and are often presented in a straightforward fashion without emotion.

Opinions

Beliefs or judgements that are subjective in nature and sometimes presented with emotion.

Attitude Questions

Authors often have feelings about their subjects; that is, they may feel enthusiatist​​ic, angry, critical, uncertain and so forth.

Attitude

Perspective or tone of the writer he adopts in a certain work

Explains the real nature of the work

Extending/Predicting Questions

Tests your ability to recognize ideas or situations that extend (extrapolate) information that has been presented in the passage.

Conclusion Questions

Asks you to determine which of several conclusions can best be drawn from the information presented in a passage is accurate.

Application Questions

Requires you to recognize a general rule or idea that underlies a specific situation described in the passage and apply that rule or idea to other situations not described in the passage.

Theme

The subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts or an exhibition

A topic

Author's message

Central Idea

The central, unifying, element of the story which ties together all of the other elements of fiction used by the author to tell a story

Problem/Solution

A method for analyzing and writing about a topic by identifying a problem and proposing one or more solutions

Cause/Effect

A relationship between events of things, where one is the result of the other or others

Point of View

A particular attitude or way of considering a matter

Fact

A thing that is known or proved to be true

Opinion

A view or judgment formed about something not necessarily based on fact or knowledge

Figurative Language

Language that contains or uses figures of speech (simile, irony, etc.)

Nuances

A subtle difference in or shade of meaning expression, or sound

Multiple-Meaning Words

Have the same spelling and sound the same but have different meanings

Visual Representation

Graphs

Tables

Video

Audio

Logical Assumptions

An idea that can be inferred or identified in a text without the writer stating it in an obvious way

Logical Inference

Made when a person goes available evidence to form a conclusion

Interactive Questions

Allowing a two-way flow of information between a computer and a computer-user

Responding to a users input

Constructed Response Questions

Provide students with a prompt and require them to answer by writing, drawing responding via audio/video, or through methods

Generally used to asses higher thinking skills

allusion

an indirect reference to something else

analogies

a comparison between two things that are similar in some way (e.g., The frightened boy dove under his covers the way a turtle retreats into his shell.)

analysis (analyze)

a method of idea development in which the reader, speaker or writer breaks apart a topic to examine its parts and the relationship of the parts to reach new conclusions about the whole

central idea

the most important point the text says about the topic

cite (citation)

to identify the source of information

claim

to state, without proof or evidence, that something is true (e.g., Most high school students don't go to college.)

coherent

logical, well organized and easy to understand

compare

to examine similarities (and/or differences)

connotative meaning

associated meaning of a word or expression (e.g., Home is a place of warmth and comfort.)

contrast

to examine differences

delineate

to describe or explain something in detail

details

specific information in a text that supports the main idea

determine

to come to a decision by reasoning or investigation

elaborated

expressed in greater length or detail (e.g., Another example would be...)

evaluate

to examine something in order to determine its importance

events

something important that happens in the text

explicitly

stated or described clearly and in detail

figurative language/meaning

an expression or description that does not mean exactly what it says; can include metaphors, similes, personification, hyperbole

inference

a conclusion based on author's information in the text and prior or background knowledge

integrate

to make into a whole by bringing all parts together

interpretation

the meaning gained from text

medium

a way of transmitting information (e.g., print, audio, video)

multimedia

combined use of several sources such as video, audio, animation, etc.

objective summary

shortened version of the text containing the main events, based on facts in the text without thoughts or opinions

point of view

the position from which something is presented or the perspective from which a story is told

summarize

shortened version of text containing the main points or events

technical meaning

a word or phrase that has special meaning in a particular context (e.g., double jeopardy has a specific meaning in the context of the law)

trace

to follow a course or path

graphics

visual representations of information and ideas

timeline

a graphic representation of events and chronological order

map

a graphic representation of regions on earth and their geographical features

chart

a graphic organizer that represents information into columns and rows in a box

diagram

illustration with labels that describes something or shows how it works, usually pointing out its individual parts

graph

shows relationships between sets of data, such as bar and line

reasoned judgement

a statement based on an issue for which there is more than one standard of judgement

primary source

material created by an eyewitness or a participant in an event