test 3 us foreign policy

5 elements to National security

Military, economic, political, societal, environmental

Democratic governance balance

Releasing too much information can jeopardize National security.

Carl von Clauswitz definition of war

War is the continuation of policy with other means

Strategy

An overarching plan that establishes objectives in world politics.

Tactics

The military means to carry out objectives.

Grand strategy

A statement of the nation’s essential objectives in world politics and the means of achieving those objectives.

Nations with nuclear weapons

9 total: U.S, U.K, Russia, France, China, Pakistan, India, Israel, and North Korea

Strongest Navy in the World

U.S Navy

Nuclear triad

ICBM'S, Long range bombers, and nuclear submarines.

Baruch plan

Turn over all nukes to the U.N.

Massive Retaliation

Mutually assured destruction. When one fires all fire.

Flexible response

Bolster conventional fighting force as deterrence. Conventional proliferation.

Strategic defense initiative

“Star Wars”, to create a system that could intercept icbm's from space.

Coercive diplomacy

Using threats to stop and adversary. Cuban missile crisis.

Powell doctrine

Force should be used in an overwhelming and quick fashion.

Weinburger doctrine

Action involves vital National interests, u.s intends to win, operation has clear military objectives.

Just war doctrine

War fought as last resort, has a just cause, and is declared by a proper authority.

Sources of terrorism

State, religious, suicide, organizations (ISIS)

Counter terrorism

Counter insurgency, military combat, lae enforcement, diplomacy, intelligence, finance, arms sales, homeland security.

14 points

Policy by Woodrow Wilson aimed to open up trade and peace terms after WW1.

Nixon's impact on the market

Floating exchange rates, ended Bretton woods system. No longer tied dollar to gold reserves.

Economic liberalism

Free enterprise that is protected private property from government intervention.

Socialism

Attempt to ensure economic equality.

Economic nationalism (mercantilism)

Commercial activity only useful if it serves the state.

U.S trade policy

Follows economic liberalism, a free market.

Threats to us trade dominance

Globalization, debt and deficits, and income inequality.

“Two level game”

Negotiations between the president and other nations.

Smoot Hawley Tarriff act

Raised tariffs on agricultural and industrial goods by 20 percent. Exasperated the great depression.

Foreign Aid

Economic resources given to poorer countries to combat poverty.

NAFTA

Nort atlantic free trade association. U.S, Canada, and Mexico.

EU

European Union. Most nations of Europe combined currency to use euro.

Asia infrastructure bank

The world’s second largest bank located in China. Aims to improve economic and social outcomes in China.

Economic sanctions

Generally have little immediate impact. Such as on Russia.

Political economy

How economics shapes the political scene.

Floating exchange rates

Currencies value is determines by the foreign exchange market.