autotroph or producer
An organism that can make its own food
heterotroph or consumer
An organism that cannot make its own food.
reactants
The 'inputs' of a chemical reaction. Located on the left side of a chemical equation.
products
The 'outputs' of a chemical reaction. Located on the right side of a chemical equation.
xylem
Carries water and minerals through a plant.
phloem
Carries food (glucose) through a plant.
stomata
Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. Where gas exchange occurs in a plant.
chloroplast
Location inside of a plant cell where the process of photosynthesis occurs.
chlorophyll
Pigment which 'fills' chloroplast. This pigment absorbs sunlight.
photosynthesis
A process plants use to turn sunlight into food.
oxygen
A gas that plants release ( PRODUCT) during photosynthesis
carbon dioxide
A gas that plants take in (REACTANT) through small holes in their leaves for the process of photosynthesis.
water, sunlight, carbon dioxide
3 main ingredients for photosynthesis (a.k.a. REACTANTS)
glucose
A simple sugar produced by plants and used as food.
roots
Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground.
sunlight
Taken in by the leaves of the plant to give the chloroplasts energy for food production.
Stem
supporting structure of a plant that connects roots and leaves and carries water and nutrients between them
O2
oxygen molecule
CO2
carbon dioxide
C6H12O6
glucose, also known as sugar
Consumers (heterotrophs)
Incapable of photosynthesis and must obtain their energy by consuming other organisms
-ose
sugar, carbohydrate
Carbohydrates
The starches and sugars present in foods; your digestive system usually breaks them down into GLUCOSE.
light-dependent reactions
reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
Light Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
ADP
a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group
Thylakoid
A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy into chemical energy.
Stroma
fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
Grana
stacks of thylakoids
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