Biology, 9B1, Keywords

algae

simple plant like organisms that photosynthesise

bacteria

tiny single celled organisms without a nucleus

cell membrane

controls what enters and leaves the cells

cell wall

strengthens and supports the cell

cellulose

material that makes the plant cell walls

chloroplasts

sub cellular structures in plant cells containing chlorophyll, absorbs light for photosynthesis

cytoplasm

the jelly like substance where reactions happen

differentiation

where cells change to become specialised

diffusion

spreading of particles from a high concentration to a lower concentration (down a concentration gradient), until the particles are evenly spread

electron microscope

very high powered microscope, has very high detail

eukaryotic cells

cells that have a nucleus, eg plants and animals

exchange surfaces

areas where substances move in and out

fish gills

take oxygen from water

light microscope

uses light to see cells

magnification

a measure of the size of an image compared to the size of an object, image size/actual size

mitochondria

site of respiration (energy release)

nucleus

controls cell, contains DNA

objective lens

lens that magnifies specimen

organ

a group of tissues performing a specific function

plasmid

small DNA loop in bacteria

prokaryotic cells

no nucleus, eg bacteria

resolving power (resolution)

ability to see detail clearly

ribosomes

make proteins

sub cellular structures

parts inside a cell

tissue

group of similar cells working together

villi

folds in the inner lining of the small intestine, increase surface area for absoption of digested food particles

vacuole

fluid filled space in plant cells

binary fission

bacteria splitting into two