Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Which of the following is a long-term consequence of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

Increased political instability and conflict in the Middle East

The Sykes-Picot agreement contradicted promises made to which group regarding an independent state?

Arabs

What was the primary objective of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

To divide the Ottoman territories in the Middle East into spheres of influence after World War I.

The Sykes-Picot Agreement was a secret agreement between which two countries?

Great Britain and France

How did the actions of Britain and France after WWI contribute to the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

By making conflicting promises and creating artificial borders that ignored existing ethnic and religious divisions.

The British policy of 'divide and rule' in the Middle East aimed to:

Maintain control by exploiting existing ethnic and religious divisions.

What was the primary goal of Britain and France in carving up the Ottoman Empire?

To secure their own strategic and economic interests in the region.

How did the outcome of the Six-Day War impact the Palestinian national movement?

It led to increased Palestinian resistance and the growth of Palestinian nationalism.

A significant result of the Six-Day War was:

A major shift in the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East, with Israel gaining control of significant territories.

What was a significant outcome of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?

The displacement of a large number of Palestinians, known as the 'Nakba'.

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War began immediately after:

The declaration of the State of Israel.

What major event immediately followed the UN's approval of Resolution 181 (the Partition Plan)?

Increased violence between Arabs and Jews in Palestine.

Which of the following was NOT a proposed element of the 1947 UN Partition Plan?

Jerusalem would be an exclusively Jewish city.

What was the main purpose of the 1947 UN Partition Plan for Palestine?

To divide Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states.

A key long-term consequence of the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence, Sykes-Picot Agreement, and Balfour Declaration was:

Conflicting promises made by the British, leading to future conflict in the region.

The Balfour Declaration (1917) stated that:

The British government viewed with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.

The Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 involved:

A secret agreement between Britain and France to divide Ottoman territories in the Middle East.

The Hussein-McMahon Correspondence primarily dealt with:

Arab support for the Allies in WWI in exchange for British recognition of Arab independence.

What is the role of the United States in peace negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians?

The US has historically acted as a mediator, proposing peace plans and facilitating negotiations, though its perceived impartiality has been questioned at times.

What are some of the primary challenges in achieving mutual recognition between Israelis and Palestinians?

Deep-seated mistrust, conflicting historical narratives, and disagreements over key issues like borders, refugees, and Jerusalem.

How does the international community generally view the Israeli blockade of Gaza?

Many international organizations and countries criticize the blockade for its humanitarian impact on the Gazan population, while acknowledging Israel's security concerns.

What are the major components of Israel's security concerns in relation to the Palestinian territories?

Prevention of attacks from Gaza and the West Bank, control of borders, and combating terrorism.

From the Palestinian perspective, what are the main obstacles to a two-state solution?

Israeli settlements, the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza, the blockade of Gaza, and the status of Jerusalem.

What are some arguments Israelis use to justify the existence and expansion of settlements?

Historical and religious ties to the land, security concerns, and the natural growth of existing communities.

What is the United States' perspective on the issue of Israeli settlements?

The US position has varied over time, but generally considers settlement activity as an obstacle to peace, with some administrations viewing them as illegitimate.

How did France influence the region during and after World War I?

France, through the Sykes-Picot Agreement, established a sphere of influence over parts of the Levant, which later affected the borders and political landscape of the region.

What role did Britain play in the lead-up to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

Britain controlled Palestine under a mandate from the League of Nations after World War I, during which conflicting promises were made to both Arabs and Jews.

What is the significance of the October 7th, 2023 events in the current situation?

It marked a major escalation in the conflict, leading to a large-scale Israeli military response in Gaza and a significant loss of life on both sides.

What does 'Mutual Recognition' refer to in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

The recognition by both Israel and the Palestinians of each other's right to exist as independent states.

What is a key security concern for Israelis in the context of the conflict?

The threat of rocket attacks, suicide bombings, and other forms of violence from Palestinian militant groups.

What is the significance of Jerusalem in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

Both Israelis and Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their capital, making its status a major obstacle to a peace agreement.

What is the 'Right of Return' from the Palestinian perspective?

The belief that Palestinian refugees who were displaced during the 1948 and 1967 wars have the right to return to their former homes.

What is Israel's perspective on settlements in the West Bank?

There are differing views within Israel, ranging from support for continued settlement construction to willingness to dismantle some settlements in exchange for peace.

What is a major point of contention regarding borders from the Palestinian perspective?

That the borders should be based on the pre-1967 lines, with East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state.

What is a significant impact of the Israeli Security Fence/Wall on Palestinians?

Restricted movement, reduced access to farmland and essential services, and economic hardship.

What is the stated purpose of the Israeli Security Fence/Wall?

To prevent Palestinian terrorist attacks against Israeli civilians.

What was a key characteristic of the Second Intifada?

Increased use of suicide bombings by Palestinian militant groups and larger-scale Israeli military operations.

What was the First Intifada?

A Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation that began in 1987.

What territories did Israel occupy as a result of the 1967 Six-Day War?

The West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and Sinai Peninsula.

What was the main consequence of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?

The establishment of the State of Israel and displacement of a large number of Palestinians.

What was the outcome of the UN Partition Plan (Resolution 181) of 1947?

It recommended the partition of Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states, with Jerusalem under international control.

What did the Balfour Declaration of 1917 state?

That the British government viewed with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.

What was the main provision of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

Dividing the Ottoman territories of the Levant into British and French spheres of influence after World War I.

What was the primary focus of the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence during World War I?

An alliance between Britain and the Arabs against the Ottoman Empire, in exchange for Arab independence.

Signed in 1917, this announced that the British were in support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Balfour Declaration

Islamic Resistance Movement or militant Islamic group

Hamas

A statement issued by the British government favoring the establishment of the national Jewish home in Palestine.

Balfour Declaration

The use of violence and intimidation, against civilians for political gains.

Terrorism

Palestine Liberation Organization: founded in 1964 with the purpose of liberating Palestine.

PLO

period of heightened Palestinian resistance against Israeli occupation, marked by protests and violence

Second Intifada

strategic restriction by a country to control the flow of goods, people, or information in or out of a region, used for geopolitical influence or political objectives.

Blockade

Name a reason Great Britain gave Israel to the Jews.

Sympathy with Jewish suffering during the Holocaust.

On October 7th, 2023

Hamas attacked innocent Israelis, starting a war.

When did Great Britain take over Palestine as a colony?

After World War I

What was the outcome of the 1948 war between Israel and neighboring Arab countries?

Israel won and gained more territory

What is an intifada?

A rebellion or uprising

What are communities of Israeli citizens living in occupied land that used to be Palestinian land called?

Israeli settlements

Who governs the Gaza Strip today that is currently at war with Israel?

Hamas

Which extremist group committed acts of terror against Israelis, creating tension in the region?

Hamas

What territory did Palestine get after the Oslo Talks?

West Bank and Gaza Strip

Which war occurred in 1967?

The Six Day War

Settlements

New Jewish towns built in Palestinian territories

Intifada

Name given to Palestinian uprisings against Israeli occupation

Palestine is now made up of what two territories?

The Gaza Strip and the West Bank

The United States primarily supports which side in this conflict?

Israel

Palestine is recognized as an independent country by the United States.

False

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is MOSTLY about what?

ownership of land

What was the impact of Israeli security checkpoints?

They restricted movement for Palestinians

What is one reason peace between Israelis and Palestinians is difficult to reach?

Disagreements over control of Jerusalem

How did the Holocaust lead to the creation of Israel?

Support for the Jews increased because of their suffering during the Holocaust.

What country recives the most aid from the US

Israel

Which area is the Gaza Strip?

C

Which area is the West Bank?

B

What did the United Nations propose in 1947 to resolve the conflict?

A two-state solution

What is this small territory in the Middle East?

Gaza Strip

What territory is shown on this Middle East map?

West Bank

Who is the group that governs the West Bank?

The Palestinian Authority (PA)

What year was the State of Israel established?

1948

What was the goal of the Zionist movement?

To establish a homeland for Jews

What happened to Palestinians after Israel's War for Independence?

They became refugees

Which side in the conflict currently controls a larger area of land?

Israel

Israel's claimed capital is what city?

Jerusalem

Palestine's claimed capital is what city?

Jerusalem (East Jerusalem)

Two countries that controlled most of the Middle East after WWI

Great Britain and Franch

Group that tried to settle the land dispute by dividing it in half in 1947

U.N. (United Nations)

Winner of all the Arab-Israeli wars?

Israel

Israeli city that has sites that are holy to Christians, Muslims, and Jews.

Jerusalem

Small communities built by the Jews on Palestinian lands?

Settlements

Two areas that make up the Palestinian territories today

Gaza Stip and West Bank

The year Israel became an independent country.

1948

After the Holocaust, many Jews began moving to the country we now know as

Israel

As more Jews began moving to Israel, they came into conflict with the people who were already living there. These people were Arabs and were called ____.

Palestinians

What did the United Nations try to do to solve the argument over Israel?

They divided the region into two parts – one for the Palestinians and one for the Jews.

What does PLO stand for?

Palestinian Liberation Organization

Which of these religions does NOT claim holy sites in Jerusalem?

Buddhism