module 18

heterotroph

heterotroph

can’t make own food; gets energy and nutrients from other organisms

protozoan

unicellular, heterotrophic, animal like protist

microsporidium

microscopic protozoans that cause disease in humans

hypotonic

a solution that has a lower concentration of solute outside than inside the cell, causing water to flow into the cell by osmosis

pseudopod

temporary extensions of cytoplasm, used for feeding and locomotion

bioluminescent

emit light

colony

group of cells that join together to form a close association

alternation of generations

life cycle of algae that take two generations-one that reproduces sexually and one that reproduces asexually-to complete a life cycle

decomposer

organism that feeds on dead organisms or organic wastes

chitin

strong, flexible polysaccharide found in the cell walls of all fungi and in exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans

hypha

tubular filament that is the basic structural unit of multicellular fungi

mycelium

in fungi, netlike mass created by the hyphae as they grow at their tips and branch repeatedly

fruiting body

in fungi, the reproductive structure that grows above the ground

septum

cross-wall that divides the hyphae of a fungus into cells

spore

a reproductive haploid cell that develops into a new organism

sporangium

a sac or case in which spores are produced

flagellated

having long projections that propel organisms with a whiplike motion

stolon

in molds, hypha that spreads across the surface of food

rhizoid

in molds, hypha that penetrates food and absorbs nutrients

gametangium

a mold reproductive structure that contains a haploid nucleus

conidiophore

in sac fungi, hypha that produces spores on its tip for asexual reproduction

ascocarp

in sac fungi, a reproductive structure where a zygote forms during sexual reproduction

ascus

in sac fungi, a saclike structure where spores develop during sexual reproduction

ascospore

spores produced by ascus in sac fungi

basidiocarp

fruiting body of club fungi

basidium

club shaped hypha that produces spores in club fungi

basidiospore

spore produced in basidia during sexual reproduction of club fungi

mycorrhiza

symbiotic relationship between a specialized fungus and plant roots

bioremediation

the process of fungi decomposing organic materials in the pollutants into harmless substances