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Anemia
Cancer (breast, cervical, and colon)
Cirrhosis
Constipation
Dental caries
Type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular/heart disease
Hypertension
Obesity
Osteoporosis
Underweight and growth failure
Health problems related to poor nutrition [11]
Glycemic indexC
way of ranking carbohydrate-containing foods based on how slowly or quickly they are digested and increase blood glucose levels over a period of time
•Healthy eating is more than the foods you eat. It is also about where, when, why, and how you eat
•Meal planning, healthy grocery shopping, and healthy cooking methods, as well as how to take steps towards being physically active
•Reflect general eating patterns of Canadians, but they have enough flexibility for different cultural preferences and food traditions, including vegetarians
Canada’s Dietary Guidelines / recommendations [3]
Vitamin and mineral toxicity
Toxic levels of certain micronutrients can cause health problems
A, D, E, K
Which fat-soluble vitamins should not be overused and can lead t vitamin and mineral toxicity? [4]
A
Which vitamin may be teratogenic during pregnancy or may increase risk of lung cancer for current or former smokers?
They are water-soluble, body is able to excrete them through urine
Why might vitamin C and B-complex pose less danger to the body?
400mg folic acid
Which vitamin and how much should be taken prenatal?
Calcium and vitamin D
What vitamins should postmenopausal women be taking?
Vitamin B12
What vitamin should vegans and people over 50 with reduced ability to absorb this one?
contamination by microbial pathogens
chemical: pesticides, cleaning supplies, toxic chemicals
physical: dirt, glass chips, crockery, wood, hair, metal shavings, allergen
biological pathogens: bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi
Causes of food-borne illness: [3]
Norovirus
Listeria
Salmonella
E. Coli
Campylobacter
Examples of common food-borne pathogens: [5]
Food insecurity
Inadequate or insecure access to food due to financial constraints
Low income
Strongest predictor of food insecurity
Households with children 18 years of age or younger, particularly those run by single mothers
Households with most prevalence of food insecurity:
Reducing child poverty
Programs to increase work force participation
funding community-based food and nutrition programs to assist vulnerable populations
Federal and provincial initiatives to reduce food insecurity: [3]
community kitchens
community gardens
food buying clubs
farmers markets
food boxes
Community-based food and nutrition programs: [5]
Nutrition screening
The process of discovering characteristics or risk factors that are known to be associated with dietary or nutrition problems
To identify indivudals who are potentially at high risk of complex problems related to nutrition
Primary purpose of nutrition screening:
simple
Relatively straightforward
easy to administer
Nutrition screening criteria must be [3]
Older adults
Single largest demographic group at disproportionate risk of malnutrition in Canada