Nutrition

Anemia

Cancer (breast, cervical, and colon)

Cirrhosis

Constipation

Dental caries

Type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular/heart disease

Hypertension

Obesity

Osteoporosis

Underweight and growth failure

Health problems related to poor nutrition [11]

Glycemic indexC

way of ranking carbohydrate-containing foods based on how slowly or quickly they are digested and increase blood glucose levels over a period of time

1. •Healthy eating is more than the foods you eat. It is also about where, when, why, and how you eat

2. •Meal planning, healthy grocery shopping, and healthy cooking methods, as well as how to take steps towards being physically active

3. •Reflect general eating patterns of Canadians, but they have enough flexibility for different cultural preferences and food traditions, including vegetarians

Canada’s Dietary Guidelines / recommendations [3]

Vitamin and mineral toxicity

Toxic levels of certain micronutrients can cause health problems

A, D, E, K

Which fat-soluble vitamins should not be overused and can lead t vitamin and mineral toxicity? [4]

A

Which vitamin may be teratogenic during pregnancy or may increase risk of lung cancer for current or former smokers?

They are water-soluble, body is able to excrete them through urine

Why might vitamin C and B-complex pose less danger to the body?

400mg folic acid

Which vitamin and how much should be taken prenatal?

Calcium and vitamin D

What vitamins should postmenopausal women be taking?

Vitamin B12

What vitamin should vegans and people over 50 with reduced ability to absorb this one?

1. contamination by microbial pathogens

   1. chemical: pesticides, cleaning supplies, toxic chemicals

   2. physical: dirt, glass chips, crockery, wood, hair, metal shavings, allergen

   3. biological pathogens: bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi

Causes of food-borne illness: [3]

1. Norovirus

2. Listeria

3. Salmonella

4. E. Coli

5. Campylobacter

Examples of common food-borne pathogens: [5]

Food insecurity

Inadequate or insecure access to food due to financial constraints

Low income

Strongest predictor of food insecurity

Households with children 18 years of age or younger, particularly those run by single mothers

Households with most prevalence of food insecurity:

1. Reducing child poverty

2. Programs to increase work force participation

3. funding community-based food and nutrition programs to assist vulnerable populations

Federal and provincial initiatives to reduce food insecurity: [3]

1. community kitchens

2. community gardens

3. food buying clubs

4. farmers markets

5. food boxes

Community-based food and nutrition programs: [5]

Nutrition screening

The process of discovering characteristics or risk factors that are known to be associated with dietary or nutrition problems

To identify indivudals who are potentially at high risk of complex problems related to nutrition

Primary purpose of nutrition screening:

1. simple

2. Relatively straightforward

3. easy to administer

Nutrition screening criteria must be [3]

Older adults

Single largest demographic group at disproportionate risk of malnutrition in Canada