Public international law

public international law

rules and norms governing relationships between states and international organizations

the Council of Europe (the Council of the European Union)

international organization founded in 1949 with particular emphasis on democratic development, human rights, rule of law etc. (Euroopa Liidu Nõukogu; nõukogu)

European Council (Euroopa Ülemkogu)

the ultimate controlling authority within the EU

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations

the United Nations (UN)

an organization of independent states formed to promote international peace and security; headquartered in New York, NY, the USA (ÜRO)

UN Security Council

panel which bears the UN's major responsibility for keeping international peace; headquartered in New York, NY, the USA (ÜRO Julgeolekunõukogu)

International Court of Justice (ICJ) (the World Court)

a court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations, located in The Hague (Rahvusvaheline Kohus)

International Criminal Court (ICC)

permanent tribunal for war crimes and crimes against humanity, seated in The Hague (Rahvusvaheline Kriminaalkohus)

global commons

the earth's unowned natural resources, such as the oceans, the atmosphere, and space

the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)

court created by the Council of Europe; one of the most active courts involved in human rights cases; located in Strasbourg, France (Euroopa Inimõiguste Kohus)

tribunal /traɪˈbjuː.nəl/ (e.g. criminal tribunal, ad hoc tribunal)

court of justice (e.g. criminal tribunal, ad hoc tribunal)

impunity

exemption (freedom) from punishment

codification of law

the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by subject, forming a legal code

indictment

the act of accusing; a formal accusation

indictee

person who has been indicted

conviction

instance of having been found guilty

sentencing

hearing to determine consequences for a crime

sitting (head of state)

current (head of state)

adjudicate

to act as judge in a matter; to settle through the use of a judge or legal tribunal

genocide

systematic killing of a racial or cultural group

crime against humanity

group of criminal acts that are committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population during peace or armed conflict

testimony

formal written or spoken statement, especially one given in a court of law

voluntary surrender

defendant in a criminal case turning themselves in to law enforcement instead of waiting to be arrested

human rights law

law governing fundamental rights and freedoms that exist in our legal system simply because we are human beings

international humanitarian law

body of rules that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict, protect noncombatants, and restrict means and methods of warfare for humanitarian reasons

disarmament

removal of weapons

refugee

person who flees to another country to escape persecution or disaster

migration

movement of people from one place to another

EU law

body of treaties, law and court judgments which operates alongside the legal systems of the European Union's member states

sustainable development

economic development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources