Grammar

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
full-widthCall Kai
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/38

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

39 Terms

1
New cards

Keigo (Respectful Verbs/Honorifics)

Ex: 先生、この本、お読みになりましたか。 ; Respectful language used for superiors/others.Ex: Sensei, have you read this book?

2
New cards

Keigo (Honorific Requests)

Ex: 少々お待ちください。 ; Polite requests/commands.Ex: Would you mind waiting a few minutes, please?

3
New cards

Keigo (Humble Verbs)

Ex: 先生からおみやげをいただきました。 ; Humble language used for oneself/one's in-group.Ex: I received an omiyage from the teacher.

4
New cards

Time Clause: Noun/Adj/Verb [plain form] + とき

Ex: 来年日本に行くとき、おみやげを買います。 ; "When…" (referencing a specific time).Ex: When I go to Japan next year, I'll buy gifts.

5
New cards

~らしい (Statement + らしい)

Ex: はなさんは最近京都に行ったらしいです。 ; "It seems that…" / "I heard that…" (conjecture based on hearsay/observation).Ex: It seems Hana went to Kyoto recently.

6
New cards

まだ + Affirmative / もう + Negative

Ex: ミアさんは、まだ日本にいます。/ もうハワイにいません。 ; Still… / Not anymore…Ex: Mia is still in Japan. / She is not in Hawai'i anymore.

7
New cards

Frequency (Period + に + Frequency)

Ex: 大学の授業は、週に3日だけです。 ; Frequency per time period.Ex: My university classes are only three days a week.

8
New cards

Verb-てきた (V-te kita)

Ex: 漢字の勉強がおもしろくなってきました。 ; Change over time (from past to now); "Has come to be…" / "Has become…"Ex: Studying kanji has gotten interesting recently.

9
New cards

Nounによる / Nounによって

Ex: 意見は人によって違う。 ; "Depends on…" / "Differs depending on…"Ex: Opinions differ depending on the person.

10
New cards

~つもり (Verb [volitional] + つもりです)

Ex: 卒業したら、大学院に行くつもりです。 ; Intention; "I intend/plan to…"Ex: When I graduate, I intend to go to graduate school.

11
New cards

~たいと思っている (Verb-tai + to omotteiru)

Ex: 将来、日本で働きたいと思っています。 ; "I think I would like to…" (Softer expression of desire).Ex: In the future, I think I'd like to work in Japan.

12
New cards

Passive Voice (Direct)

Ex: 子どもたちは森先生にほめられた。 ; Subject receives the action; "Was done by…"Ex: The children were praised by Mori-sensei.

13
New cards

Passive Voice (Indirect/Adversity)

Ex: 私は友だちに日記を読まれた。 ; Subject is indirectly (usually negatively) affected by an action.Ex: My friend read my diary (and I was unhappy about it).

14
New cards

~た方がいい / ~ない方がいい

Ex: 授業は休まない方がいいですよ。 ; Strong advice; "You should…" / "It is better to…"Ex: You shouldn't miss class.

15
New cards

Conjunctions (だから、でも、そして、それから、それに)

Ex: アフナさんはやさしいです。それに、日本語も上手です。 ; Connecting words (Therefore, But, And then, Moreover).Ex: Ahuna is kind. Moreover, she is also good at Japanese.

16
New cards

~みたい / ~のよう (Noun + みたい/のよう)

Ex: 沖縄はハワイみたいです。 ; Simile/Likeness; "Like…" / "Similar to…"Ex: Okinawa is like Hawai'i.

17
New cards

~によると (Source)

Ex: 天気予報によると、明日は雨だそうです。 ; "According to…"Ex: According to the weather forecast, (I hear) it will rain tomorrow.

18
New cards

~かもしれません (Statement + かもしれない)

Ex: 午後は雨が降るかもしれません。 ; Possibility; "Might…" / "May…"Ex: It may rain this afternoon.

19
New cards

-sa Nouns (Adjective stem + sa)

Ex: 富士山の高さはどのぐらいですか。 ; Turns adjectives into nouns (-ness).Ex: What is the height of Mt. Fuji?

20
New cards

Verb-てある (Transitive Verb-te aru)

Ex: ここに住所が書いてある。 ; Resultant state of an intentional action; "Has been done…"Ex: The address is written here.

21
New cards

~だけじゃなくて… も

Ex: 英語だけじゃなくて、日本語も話せます。 ; "Not only… but also…"Ex: I can speak not only English but also Japanese.

22
New cards

~そうです (Statement + そうです)

Ex: 明日は涼しくなるそうです。 ; Hearsay; "I hear that…" / "It is said that…"Ex: (I hear) it will get cooler tomorrow.

23
New cards

~ようだ / ~みたいだ (Statement + よう/みたい)

Ex: 学生が少しふえたようです。 ; Conjecture/Likelihood (based on observation); "It seems…" / "It looks like…"Ex: It seems the number of students has increased a little.

24
New cards

Purpose (~ため)

Ex: 日本に留学するために、日本語を取っています。 ; "In order to…" / "For the purpose of…"Ex: In order to study abroad in Japan, I am taking Japanese.

25
New cards

~ても (Verb-te + mo)

Ex: 雨が降ってもサーフィンに行きます。 ; Concessive; "Even if…" / "Even though…"Ex: I will go surfing even if it rains.

26
New cards

~でしょう / ~だろう

Ex: ハワイの生活は楽しかったでしょう。 ; Probability/Conjecture; "Probably" / "I suppose" / "Right?"Ex: I suppose life in Hawai'i was fun (for you).

27
New cards

~ことが多い / ~人が多い

Ex: 和食を食べることが多いです。 ; Frequency/Quantity; "Often (do)" / "Many people (do)"Ex: We often eat Japanese food. (Lit: Instances of eating are many).

28
New cards

Question Word + ~ても

Ex: どこへ行っても人が多い。 ; "No matter (who/where/what)…"Ex: No matter where you go, there are a lot of people.

29
New cards

Verb Stem + 方 (kata)

Ex: 漢字の読み方を教えてください。 ; Method; "How to…" / "Way of…"Ex: Please teach me how to read this kanji.

30
New cards

Noun + ばかり

Ex: 妹は遊んでばかりいる。 ; "Nothing but…" / "Only…" (negative nuance).Ex: My little sister does nothing but play.

31
New cards

Causative Verbs (-(s)aseru)

Ex: 先生が学生に作文を書かせた。 ; "Make (someone) do…" / "Let (someone) do…"Ex: The teacher made the students write a composition.

32
New cards

~ば / ~なら (Conditional)

Ex: 教科書を読めば、わかると思う。 ; "If…"Ex: If you read the textbook, I think you will understand.

33
New cards

~ばよかった (Conditional + yokatta)

Ex: もっと勉強すればよかった。 ; Regret; "I wish I had…"Ex: I wish I had studied more.

34
New cards

~すぎる (Verb stem + sugiru)

Ex: 食べすぎてしまいました。 ; "Too much" / "Excessively"Ex: I ended up eating way too much.

35
New cards

~ようになる (Verb potential/plain + you ni naru)

Ex: 日本語が話せるようになりたいです。 ; Change in ability or state; "Come to be that…" / "Reach the point where…"Ex: I want to reach the point where I can speak Japanese.

36
New cards

~ようにする (Verb plain + you ni suru)

Ex: 野菜を食べるようにしています。 ; Effort; "Make an effort to…" / "Try to…"Ex: I am making an effort to eat vegetables.

37
New cards

Answering Negative Questions (Hai / Iie)

Ex: Q: 宿題しなかった? A: はい (しなかった)。 ; Agreements/Disagreement with the question's premise.Ex: Q: Didn't you do the homework? A: Hai (Correct, I didn't).

38
New cards

~やすい / ~にくい (Verb stem + yasui/nikui)

Ex: このペンは書きやすいです。 ; "Easy to…" / "Hard to…"Ex: This pen is easy to write with.

39
New cards

~てはいけない (Verb-te + wa ikenai)

Ex: ここでタバコを吸ってはいけません。 ; Prohibition; "Must not…" / "Not allowed to…"Ex: You must not smoke here.