ozone and acid rain text

what are cfs?

• are found in aerosols and refrigerants

  • these do not break down in the tropostphere

  • moves into the stratosphere

    • breaks down in presence of uv light

      • chlorine atom

action in chlorine atom breaking down oxygen causes

ozone depletion

for how long does the chlorine atom stay in the stratosphere

for 100 years

what are Dobson units?

ozone concentration=0.1 milimiter

what is the average concentration. of the ozone

bellow 100 Dobson units

less than 220 Dobson units causes?

ozone depletion

less than 100 Dobson units causes ?

ozone holes

where is ozone depletion greatest over?

Antartica

why is ozone depleting greatest over Antarctica?

• temperature

  • causes polar stratospheric clouds

    • chlorine atoms unable to escape bc of temperature

• polar vortex

what are the impacts of ozone depletion

• cataracs

• skin cancer

• decreased crop yeilds

• degradation of materials

• less biodivesity of all aquatic ecosystems

what is the Montreal protocol of 1987?

• the global agreement to protect stratosphere ozone layers by passing out the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances.

what are alternatives?

• hcfcs

• f gases

• ozone destruction hypothesis

what did rowland Molina do?

created the acceptance of ozone destruction hypothesis

• this confirmed that cfsc caused ozone depletion which harms the atmosphere

what is acid rain? or acid position?

• a mix of air pollutants that deposit form the atmosphere as acidic wet or dry deposition.

what is wet deposition?

snow, rain, hail fog

what is dry deposition?

dust,and gase( sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide)

how is acid rain caused?

burning of fossil fuels mixed with sulphur dioxidee and nitrogen oxide react with h20 and o2 that creates nitric acid.

what states have the highest amount of acid rain?

ny, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts

acid rain ph

alacid rain is less than 5.6 as a ph balance

what are major gases that cause acid rain??

sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur troxide,

How is surlful dioxide foamed?

burning coil and oil

how is nitrogen oxide formed?

cars and power plant emissions?

how is sulfure trioxide formed?

burning of coal and oil?

how is the ozone formed?

photochemical reactions of nitrogen and oxygen oxides

what is chemical weathering?

acid can corrode metals and cause damage to railway lines, water pipes ,power lines, pylons, and metal railings

• can dissolve building materials especially limestone

affects on acid rain on vegetation and cars

• damage cell in leaves

• plant root systems

• germinating seeds

• defoliation and reduced crop yield.

effects acid rain cause on soil

• dangers in solubility of many loans in the soil

• some vital ions are lost

  • calcium and magnesiumm

    • ions released, lead aluminium

effect on acid rains on aquatic environments

• effects on gill breathing organisms

• growth role of amphibians

• hatching and damage of eggs

• organism with an exoskeleton many die as acid dissolve their skeleton.

what is photochemical smog?

• a mixture of air pollutants and particulars, including grand-level ozone, formed when nitrogen oxides and valuable organic compounds were in the presence of sunlight.

what are impacts of photochemical smog?

• eye and respiration irritation

• decreased crop yeolds

• deteriorated of plastic and rubber

Air polltuion management statregies

• reduce the use of fossil fuels and other emissions

• restricting vehicle use in urban areas

• legislation, in local, national, and international areas

• encourage the production and use of renewable energy

  • biking, carpooling, catalytic concertos,

  • washing coals

  • wash scrubbers

  • electrostatic precipitation

    • to reduce particles of smoke.

What causes air pollution?

• sulfur dioxide

• oxides of nitrogen

• vocs