Dual Credit Medical Terminology Chapter 8 Quiz

What are the three main types of cells in the blood?

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

Aneurysm

Weakening of the wall of a blood vessel, causing it to thin and balloon out, and possibly eventually burst, resulting in internal bleeding.

What word part refers to the blood's ability to form clots?

coagul/o

What root is used to refer to the thymus?

thym/o

Definition of the root hemat/o.

blood

Definition of the suffix - penia.

deficiency

Pancytopenia

A condition in which there is a lower-than-normal number of red and white blood cells and platelets in the blood.

Identify and define the root in the medical term hemoptysis.

hemo blood

identify and define the root in the medical term thromboplastin.

thrombo clot

identify and define the root in the medical term anisocytosis.

cyt cell

What is the correct breakdown of the medical term myelodysplasiainto its component parts?

myelo/dys/plas/ia

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteomyelitis?

osteo (bone) + myel (bone marrow) + itis(inflammation) = inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatosplenitis?

hepato (liver) + splen (spleen) + itis(inflammation) = inflammation of the liver and spleen

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term bilirubinemia?

bili (bile) + rubin (red) + emia (blood condition) = presence of bilirubin (red bile) in the blood

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term thrombophlebitis?

thrombo (clot) + phleb (vein) + itis(inflammation) = inflammation of the vein caused by a clot

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypercoagulability?

hyper (over) + coagul (coagulation) + ability (ability) = increased ability of the blood to coagulate

Translate the term splenorrhexis as literally as possible.

spleen rupture

Translate the term hypersplenism as literally as possible.

over spleen condition

Translate the term hypervolemia as literally as possible.

"over volume blood condition"; increased blood volume

Translate the term hyperlipidemia as literally as possible.

"over fat blood condition"; excessive fat in the blood

Build a medical term that means "a disease of the thymus."

thymopathy

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of a tonsil."

tonsillitis

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of a lymph gland (node)."

lymphadenitis

Build a medical term that means "bone marrow tumor" and is a cancerous tumor of the bone marrow.

myeloma

Antigens

Substances that provokes an immune response. This happens because the immune system sees the antigen as foreign, or “non-self” (does not belong in that body).

What is the correct definition for the term phlebarteriectasia?

dilation of blood vessels

What is the best definition for aplastic anemia?

anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

Blockage of blood flow to an organ is called

ischemia

For the abbreviations AIDS and HIV, which is true about the letter "I"?

The "I" in AIDS and HIV stands for "immunodeficiency," and means the immune system has a decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms.

What is the correct abbreviation for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

TTP

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation NCAT?

no cervical adenopathy or tenderness

Aortic stenosis

A condition in which the aortic valve becomes rigid and may calcify over time.

Capillaries

The smallest type of blood vessel.

An ESR measures how quickly ________ settle in a test tube.

red blood cells

Which of the following abbreviations does NOT refer to a virus or syndrome?

INR

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation BMT?

bone marrow transplant

Which of the following pairs of abbreviations are opposites?

AML, CML

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation ALL?

acute (sudden or severe) + lympho (lymph) + blast (immature) + ic (pertaining to) + leuk (white) + emia(blood condition) = sudden onset of a cancer of the white blood cells characterized by the overproduction of immature white blood cells (lymphoblasts)

Ateriole

A very small artery that leads to a capillary.

Cardiac tamponade

A potentially fatal condition in which excess fluid builds within the pericardial space, preventing the heart from beating effectively.

Centrifugation

Process of using a rotating machine to generate centrifugal force to separate substance of different densities, remove moisture, or stimulate gravitational effects.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

surgery in which a healthy blood vessel taken from another part of the body is used to make a new path for blood around a blocked artery leading to the heart. This restores the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the heart.

Diapedesis

The migration of blood cells through the intact walls of blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.

Endarterectomy

Excision of plaque from within the artery.

Erythrocyte

A red blood cell.

Hemopoiesis

The process by which the body produces blood.

Hypothyroidism

The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.

Hypovolemic

An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body.

Lymphadenopathy

Disease or swelling of the lymph nodes.

What is a “sickle”?

hard rigid shape