US Government Principles for Vertebrate Animal Research and Care

What are the US Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals used in testing?

Commonly known as the 'US Government Principles', they were incorporated into the PHS Policy in 1986 and apply to all vertebrate species in studies receiving federal support.

What federal law must the transportation, care, and use of laboratory animals comply with?

The Animal Welfare Act and other applicable federal laws, guidelines, and policies.

What considerations should be taken when designing procedures involving animals?

Procedures should be relevant to human or animal health, the advancement of knowledge, or the good of society.

How should animals be selected for procedures?

Animals should be of an appropriate species and quality, and the minimum number required to obtain valid results should be used.

What alternatives should be considered to minimize animal use in research?

Methods such as mathematical models, computer simulation, and in vitro biological systems.

What is imperative regarding the use of animals in research?

The avoidance or minimization of discomfort, distress, and pain when consistent with sound scientific practices.

What should be done if a procedure may cause more than momentary pain or distress?

It should be performed with appropriate sedation, analgesia, or anesthesia.

What should happen to animals that would otherwise suffer severe or chronic pain that cannot be relieved?

They should be painlessly killed at the end of the procedure or, if appropriate, during the procedure.

Who should direct the housing, feeding, and care of animals used for biomedical purposes?

A veterinarian or other scientist trained and experienced in the proper care of the species.

What qualifications should investigators and personnel have when conducting procedures on living animals?

They should be appropriately qualified and experienced, with adequate arrangements for in-service training.

Who should make decisions regarding exceptions to the US Government Principles?

An appropriate review group, such as an institutional animal care and use committee, not the investigators directly concerned.

For what purposes should exceptions to the principles not be made?

Exceptions should not be made solely for the purposes of teaching or demonstration.