Lecture 4a (common zoonotic diseases) and 4b (common complications of the Musculoskeletal system)

a protozoal parasite of animals

cryptosporidia parvum

Crypto survive well in ___ and is sensitive to ___ and ____

water , drying and freezing

crypto is common in ___

young ruminants

what is the zoonotic risk of crypto

diarrhea

Crypto can be life threatening for those who are

immunocompromised/ have AIDS

what precautions can be taken against cyrpto

hand hygiene, Proper hygiene in calving/barn areas, prevent contamination of water, and reporting worker illness

True or False: Animals affected by Cryptosporidia parvum can only shed the organism if they are still having diarrhea. Once they have stopped having diarrhea, they can no longer shed the organism. 

False

True or False: Giardia causes diarrhea in all species that are affected by it.

True

Which strain of salmonella is predominately associated with enteritis?

S. typimurium

What is the word used to describe a dermatophyte that can be transmitted from animal to man?

zoophilic

Human cases of leptospirosis are often associated with exposure to what?

Contaminated Water

True or False: Coxiella burnetii can be found in milk. This is a reason why it is important to pasteurize milk.

True

All strains of Brucellosis are zoonotic except…

B. ovis

Brucella abortus can be transmitted by contact with an infected animal's (check all that apply):

Aborted fetus

Milk

Urine

Vaginal discharge

Skin

Placenta

Aborted fetus, Milk, Vaginal discharge, and Placenta

What is the name for the chronic, recurrent febrile illness that Brucellosis causes in people?

Undulant fever (Undulating fever)

What is the most common disease form of Anthrax in people?

Cutaneous

Majority of bovine lameness is in the... BE AS SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE!!!

The lateral claw of the hind feet

The corium swells within the hoof which becomes very painful; there are no obvious changes to the hoof wall or sole; the foot is warm and digital pulses are prominent

Acute Laminitis

There is visible deformity of the hoof wall

Chronic Laminitis

What is the first clinical sign of a sole ulcer?

Sole hemorrhage

True or False: Sole abscesses are a primary condition and are not usually due to any other complication.

False

This condition commonly affects one or both lateral hind claws. It is caused by hemorrhage into or separation of the white line. Heavy, high-yielding dairy cattle kept under confined conditions are at a higher risk for the development of this.

White Line Disease

This is a mild inflammatory condition of the interdigital skin. It is seen most often when cattle are housed where they are continuously exposed to moisture and manure slurries. The lesions are painful to the touch, but usually do not cause any lameness.

Interdigital Dermatitis

This is a highly contagious, erosive, and proliferative infection of the epidermis proximal to the skin-horm junction in the flexor region of the interdigital space. It can be spread by newly acquired animals, contaminated boots, or hoof trimming equipment. Lameness is seen with this.

Digital Dermatitis

This is the result of bacteria being sequestered in a joint. It causes severe lameness and distension of the joint. The affected joints are visibly swollen and warm to the touch.

Septic Arthritis

What is the name of the bacteria that is involved with interdigital dermatitis?

Fusobacterium necrophorum

After a digit amputation, what is the herd retention time for that animal?

Less than a year

What is the name of the guide that we use to determine which animals need to be treated for parasites? (by using it appropriately, it will decrease the rate of the development of anthelmintic resistance.)

FAMACHA Chart

What is the term given to a decline in the efficacy of an anthelmintic against a population of parasites that is generally susceptible to that drug.

Anthelmintic Resistance

What is the causative agent for Foot Scald/ Strawberry Foot Rot in small ruminants?

Dermatophilus congolensis

True or False: Foot rot in sheep is infectious. Animal that are infected should be separated. They are treated by using foot baths with 10% zinc sulfate plus systemic antibiotics.

True

What is the causative agent for Foot Rot in sheep?

Dichelobacter nodosus