chemistry- states of matter

what states of matter have the highest densities

solids and liquids

what does the state of matter depend on

the amount of kinetic energy being stored and the strength of their attraction

electrons are shared equally

nonpolar

electrons are not shared equally

polar

another name for a polar compound

dipole

dipole causes electrons to shift in neighboring no polar molecule causing it to become a dipole

dipole-induced dipole

what are the 2 forces of attraction

intramolecular and intermolecular

what are intramolecular forces

strong forces that exist between atoms within molecules

what are intermolecular forces

weak forces that exist between neighboring molecules

what is a dispersion

attraction between 2 no polar molecules- weakest

what is dipole-dipole

attraction between neighboring dipoles- polar molecules

what is a hydrogen bond

strongest intermolecular force; positive hydrogen and negative end of neighboring dipole

what is fluidity

ability to flow

what is viscosity

thickness of a liquid

what does a stronger attraction between molecules mean

higher viscosity

when viscosity increases, what happens to the temerature

it decreases

what is surface tension

a measure of the inward pull by particles in the interior of a liquid

what happens to the intermolecular forces when there is a strong surface tension

its higher

when surface tension increases what happens to the temperature

it decreases

what is capillary action

drawing of liquid up a narrow tube

what are 3 unusual properties of water

high boiling point, large specific heat, and high surface tension

what is sublimation

the change from a solid to a gas

what is deposition

the change from a gas to a solid