Copy of Copy of Chapter 4 - Collective Rights

Collective Rights

Rights held by specific groups of people in Canada that are recognized and protected by the constitution.

Individual Rights

Rights that every Canadian citizen and permanent resident has under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Affirm

To validate and express commitment to something.

Collective Identity

The shared identity of a group of people, especially due to a common language and culture.

First Nations

The umbrella term for diverse Indigenous peoples in Canada with recognized rights.

Métis

One of Canada's Aboriginal peoples, distinct from First Nations and Inuit.

Anglophone

A person whose first language is English.

Francophone

A person whose first language is French.

Indian Act

Federal legislation that outlines the rights and status of First Nations peoples in Canada.

Sovereignty

Independence as a people, with a right to self-government.

Scrip

A document exchanged for land in Métis history.

Status Indian

First Nations people recognized as 'Indian' and registered under the Indian Act.

Royal Proclamation of 1763

Recognized First Nations' rights to land and established principles for treaty-making.

Numbered Treaties

Historic agreements between the Canadian government and some First Nations groups affecting their rights.

Treaty Rights

Rights and privileges that treaty Indians are entitled to under the Numbered Treaties.

Publicly Funded Education

Education provided by the government, funded through taxes.

Section 23

Part of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms that ensures minority language education rights.

Official Language Groups

Groups that speak one of Canada’s official languages (English or French) as a minority.

Bill C-31

Amendment to the Indian Act that addressed inequities between Status Native men and women.

Enfranchisement

The process by which the government can take away Indian status, replacing it with Canadian citizenship.

Métis Settlement General Council

An organization that represents the Métis and negotiates with the government over rights.

Self-Government

The right of a group, such as the Métis, to govern their own affairs.