Chemical bonding

Covalent Bond

A bond formed between two non-metal atoms through the sharing of valence electrons.

Lewis Dot Diagram

A representation of valence electrons around an element's symbol to show how they are arranged.

Single Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.

Double Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Triple Bond

A covalent bond involving the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Lone Pair

A pair of electrons that are not involved in bonding and are localized on one atom.

Unpaired Electron

An electron that is alone and available for bonding.

Valence Electrons

Electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Octet Rule

A principle stating that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

Ionic Bond

A chemical bond formed between a metal and a non-metal through the transfer of electrons.

Metallic Bond

A bond formed between metal atoms, characterized by a 'sea of electrons' that are free to move.

Bonding Pair

A pair of electrons that are shared between two atoms to form a covalent bond.

Electrostatic Force

The attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) in ionic bonding.

Chemical Bond

The force that holds two or more atoms together in a molecule or compound.

Shared Electrons

Electrons that are involved in a covalent bond between atoms.