CH 9 P1

Because alcohol supplies four kilocalories per gram, it is considered a nutrient.

false

Bottled water typically contains adequate amounts of fluoride to prevent cavities.

false

Physiologically, alcohol is a stimulant.

false

Soft water contains a higher concentration of sodium than hard water.

true

Cryptosporidium is a parasite in water that is highly resistant to chlorine and other disinfectants.

true

The nutritional composition of milk is very similar across mammal species.

false

Pink and white grapefruit juice contain equal amounts and types of phytochemicals.

false

Pancreatitis, hepatitis, and cirrhosis are all common consequences of heavy drinking.

true

Energy drinks, such as Red Bull, are not permitted to contain herbs.

false

It is all right for pregnant women to have beer, but not to consume hard liquor such as scotch or vodka.

false

Dark chocolate, in moderation, may positively influence cardiovascular health.

true

Most caffeine in the United States is consumed in carbonated soft drinks.

false

The concentrations of calcium, sodium, and magnesium are what distinguish hard versus soft water

true

Native Americans have lower rates of liver damage due to alcohol consumption than other ethnic groups.

false

Bottled water is pure and free from contaminants.

false

Milk chocolate is thought to positively influence cardiovascular health more than dark chocolate.

false

Apple juice, consumed daily, may protect against urinary tract infections.

false

Tea is rich in phytochemicals, antioxidants, and caffeine.

true

Changes in metabolism only occur in those who consume excessive alcohol.

false

Fetal alcohol syndrome is completely preventable.

true

The more colorful a juice is, the more nutritious the juice usually is

true

Orange juice is the most nutrient-dense juice consumed in the United States.

true

Drinking alcohol at a rate of one drink per hour allows the liver adequate time to metabolize the alcohol completely.

true

Heavy alcohol use, especially when combined with smoking, appears to increase the risk of throat and neck cancers.

true

Many studies have shown a positive correlation between moderate alcohol consumption and decreasing incidence of heart disease.

true

Examples of standard servings are a 5-ounce glass of wine, a 12-fl oz beer, and 1 ½ fl oz of an 8-proof distilled liquor.

true

The health benefits of tea appear to be dose-dependent meaning that __________.

drinking more tea provides the greatest effect

Maria is overweight and wants to lose 10 pounds. She is at a party and is deciding what to order at the bar. Which beverage has the fewest calories when mixed with liquor?

eight ounces club soda

_________ is thought to be the main factor contributing to a hangover

The dehydration from the alcohol consumed

How many drinks does Chris need to drink during the evening to constitute a “binge”?

At least 5

When alcohol is consumed, it is mostly absorbed through the ____ and metabolized in the _______

small intestine; liver

Caffeine consumption is known to cause _________.

jitteriness

The largest percentage of a person’s water output leaves the body through ____

the kidneys as urine

As a friend, Robert asks Chris to consider whether low to moderate alcohol consumption is a health benefit or a health risk for him personally. Robert also reminds Chris that the leading cause of death for college-age males is ____.

accidents

The herb _____ is often found in energy drinks and is chemically equivalent to caffeine

guarana

Robert asks Chris to list the stages of alcohol addiction put forth by Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). What is the correct sequence of the scale?

Use, misuse, abuse, and dependency/addiction

________ is an actual change in sensitivity to a drug.

Functional tolerance

The legal limit defining intoxication for the driver of a car is a blood alcohol content (BAC) of ____ or higher.

0.08

What type of packaging will retain the nutrients in orange juice best?

A glass bottle

Which 8-ounce beverage has the lowest caffeine content?

Chocolate milk