Biotechnology and Diagnostics Review

A set of flashcards covering key concepts and details related to biotechnology and diagnostic tests, based on lecture content.

What does an indirect ELISA test identify in a patient's bloodstream?

Antibodies that are reactive to the German measles virus.

In a direct ELISA, what is being tested?

The presence of antigen.

What type of antibody suggests previous exposure to a virus?

IgG.

What indicates a syphilis infection in DFA tests?

Glowing spirochetes.

Which is the correct order of steps in PCR?

Denaturation, annealing, extension.

What is the primary antibody in an ELISA test attached to?

The microtiter plate.

If a test rarely produces false negatives, it shows __.

High specificity.

What best confirms the source of a bacterial infection at the county fair?

The same bacterial species with the same antibiotic resistance pattern found in all sick students and at a fair food vendor.

When using antisera to characterize bacteria, what should antibodies be linked to for better visibility?

Latex beads.

In agglutination reactions, what is the antigen generally considered?

Whole cell.

What is the presence of hCG detected by a pregnancy test strip?

A hormone produced by the fetus and later by the placenta.

What does direct hemagglutination assay detect?

The influenza virus via hemagglutinin on its capsid.

Which test tells if someone currently has a virus?

PCR.

What is the fluid portion of blood collected with an anticoagulant called?

Plasma.

Viral hemagglutination assays work because the virus must be able to __.

Cross-link red blood cells directly.

Which antibody forms agglutinated cells at lower concentrations?

IgM.

What is double immunodiffusion also known as?

Ouchterlony assay.

What do we use antisera to distinguish within a species of bacteria?

Serovars.

Which test might confirm a suspicion of infection by Legionella pneumophila?

DFA.

What reagent is required for an ELISA test?

Enzyme-linked antibody.

In an Ouchterlony test, how many positive reactions were visible?

2.