RE-221 Quiz #1, Buddha, Dharma, Sanga

triratna

"Three Gems" - cornerstones of the buddhist traditions, Buddha, Dharma, Sangha

Veda

"Knowlege" The Vedas were a collection of hymns to the Gods sung during rituals

Upanisads

"to sit down next to" classic Indian philosophical texts, describing world of teachers ad students

brahman and atman

brahaman- everything that is, reality

atman- your own self, your relationship to the universe

karma

"action" actions have consequences for your future fortune and rebirth

sramana

philosophers, to become tired or weary to exert oneself, strive, in the forest made livings as teachers

vyākaraṇa

the prediction of future awakening, given by a living Buddha to a future Buddha (think of story)

Gautama Siddhārtha

The name of this aeons Bhudda, "he who's goal is accomplished"

mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa

bodily marks of a great man (32 marks)

The Four Encounters

siddharta sneaks out of palace at 29 to see what city is like:

1. Old man

2. Sick man

3. Funeral Procession (Death)

4. Holy man (ascetic)

has to ask charioteer what these people were because he had never seen any of them

Sujātā

Cow heard girl, offers him rice milk

The Bodhi Tree

Bhudda Sits under bodhi tree, tree of awakening

Māra

Mara: death

Temptation of Mara - women, storms, he resists

Mara feeds offf death

nirvana

to blow out, extinguish. The burning away of all desire

After nirvana there is no need to be reborn

stūpa

structure that contains relic, typically remians of important buddhist person

dharma

law, virtue, morality, religion, what is right/just, the truth of buddhism/ethical precepts, Duty. hard to define in english

Tripiṭaka ("Three Baskets")

· Sutra: sermons "thus have I heard"

· Vinaya: "discipline" - monastic rules

· Abhidharma: "super dharma" - a later philosophical synthesis of the teachings, complicated questions

buddhavacana

the word of the buddha, if the buddha says something its true

The first sermon

The Middle Way• The Four Noble Truths• The Noble Eightfold Path

The Four Noble Truths

Suffering ( duḥkha )• The origin of suffering ( duḥkhasamudaya )• The cessation of suffering ( duḥkhanirodha )• The path leading to the cessation of suffering( duḥkhanirodhagāminī pratipad )

The five skandhas ("aggregates")

•Form (rūpa)

• Feeling (vedanā)

• Perception (saṃjñā)

• Mental formations/volition/habit (saṃskāra)

• Consciousness (vijñāna)

Sanga

collection, community, association" religious specialists of buddhism

The fourfold Assembly

- Monks and Nuns

- Laymen and Laywomen

Bhiksi (m.) / bhiksuni (f.)

"beggar, mendicant" fully ordained monk/nun of buddhist order

Vinaya

"discipline, law" Buddhist monastic regulations "customary laws"

Pratimoksa

complete list of monastic rules in vinaya, sometimes monks get together and recite them

Punya

good karma "merit" result of performing good action "symbolic capitol" kind of currency

Punyaksetra

"field of merit" metaphor for how gifts to good monks and nuns eventually bear karmic fruit

Arhat

worthy one, anyone who is destined to attain nirvana through the teachings of a Buddha

Parinirvana

Final Nirvana

siddharta

born out of side of stomach, takes 7 steps says i am great, has all 32 markers, will either rule world or become buddha, father locks him in pleasure palace to become king, he escapes and starves himself, eats rice milk, sits under bodhi tree, becomes buddha