Greek Vocab

ἀγορā́, ἀγορᾶς, ἡ

agora, marketplace

οἰκίᾱ, οἰκίᾱς, ἡ

house

σοφίᾱ, σοφίᾱς, ἡ

wisdom

συμφορā́/ξυμφορā́, συμφορᾶς/ξυμφορᾶς, ἡ

circumstance; misfortune, disaster

χώρᾱ, χώρᾱς, ἡ

land, country

βουλή, βουλῆς, ἡ

will; plan; council; advice

γνώμη, γνώμης, ἡ

judgement; spirit, inclination; opinion

δίκη, δίκης, ἡ

justice

εἰρήνη, εἰρήνης, ἡ

peace

Ἑλένη, Ἑλένης, ἡ

Helen

μάχη, μάχης, ἡ

battle

ψῡχή, ψῡχῆς, ἡ

soul, life force

Ἀλέξανδρος, Ἀλεξάνδρου, ὁ

Alexander

ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ὁ or ἡ

human being, man

ἑταῖρος, ἑταίρου, ὁ

companion

θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ or ἡ

god, goddess

λόγος, λόγου, ὁ

word, speech; argument

νῆσος, νήσου, ἡ

island

νόμος, νόμου, ὁ

custom, law

ὁδός, ὁδοῦ, ἡ

road, path; journey, way

πόλεμος, πολέμου, ὁ

war

Πρίαμος, Πριάμου, ὁ

Priam

ἔργον, ἔργου, τό

work (toil, labor, occupation), task; deed

ζῷον, ζῴου, τό

living being; animal

ὅπλον, ὅπλου, τό

tool, implement; (when pl.) arms, weapons

τέκνον, τέκνου, τό

child

εἰς, ἐς (prep. + acc.)

to, toward; into; against; with a view to, regarding

ἐκ, ἐξ (prep. + gen.)

(out) from, out of; resulting from; in accordance with

ἐν (prep. + dat.)

in, on; among, in the presence of, in the power of

καί (conj.)

and

καί...καί

both…and…

καί (adv.)

even, also

περί (prep. + gen.)

concerning, about

περί (prep. + dat.)

around

περί (prep. + acc.)

around; connected with; concerning, about

σύν/ξύν (prep. + dat.)

(along) with; with the aid of; in accordance with

αἰτίᾱ, αἰτίᾱς, ἡ

cause, responsibility (guilt, blame)

ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς, ἡ

beginning; (supreme) power, rule; empire

δῆμος, δήμου, ὁ

(the) people

δόξα, δόξης, ἡ

opinion, belief; reputation; glory; expectation

θάλαττα, θαλάττης, ἡ

sea

ἀλήθεια, ἀληθείᾱς, ἡ

truth

μοῖρα, μοίρᾱς, ἡ

fate

Γοργίᾱς, Γοργίου, ὁ

Gorgias

νεᾱνίᾱς, νεᾱνίου, ὁ

young man

Ἅιδης, Ἅιδου, ὁ

Hades

Ἀτρείδης, Ἀτρείδου, ὁ

Atreides, son of Atreus

Εὐρῑπίδης, Εὐρῑπίδου, ὁ

Euripides

ποιητής, ποιητοῦ, ὁ

maker; poet

φόβος, φόβου, ὁ

fear

πολī́της, πολī́του, ὁ

citizen

ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν

good

Ἀθηναῖος, Ἀθηναίᾱ, Ἀθηναῖον

Athenian; masc. pl. subst., Athenians

δεινός, δεινή, δεινόν

fearsome, terrible; marvelous, strange; clever (skilled)

δίκαιος, δικαίᾱ, δίκαιον

right, just

ἐχθρός, ἐχθρā́, ἐχθρόν

hated, hateful; hostile; masc. pl. subst., enemy

κακός, κακή, κακόν

bad, evil

καλός, καλή, καλόν

beautiful, fine; noble

Λακεδαιμόνιος, Λακεδαιμονίᾱ, Λακεδαιμόνιον

Spartan; masc. pl. subst., Spartans

μόνος, μόνη, μόνον

only, alone

σοφός, σοφή, σοφόν

wise

φίλος, φίλη, φίλον

(be)loved, dear; loving, friendly; masc. pl. subst., friend, loved one

ἄδικος, ἄδικον

unjust

ἀθάνατος, ἀθάνατον

immortal, deathless

ἀλλά (conj.)

but, but yet; well…

ἀπό (prep. + gen.)

(remotely, at a distance away; motion away) from

διά (prep. + gen.)

through

διά (prep. + acc.)

because of, on account of

ἤ (conj.)

or

ἤ...ἤ...

either…or…

μή (adv.)

not (generic)

μόνον (adv.)

only

οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ (adv.)

not (specific)

οὐ/μὴ μόνον...ἀλλὰ καί...

not only … but also …

γαῖα, γαίᾱς, ἡ

earth, land

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ

earth, land

ἆρα (interrog. part.)

Introduces a yes-no question

γάρ (postpositive conj.)

for, indeed, in fact

δέ (postpositive conj.)

but, and

ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργμαι, ἦρχθην

rule (+ gen.); middle, begin (+ gen.)

διδάσκω, διδάξω, ἐδίδαξα, δεδίδαχα, δεδίδαγμαι, ἐδιδάχθην

teach, explain; middle, cause (someone) to be taught

καὶ γάρ

for in fact

ἀλλὰ γάρ

but as a matter of fact

ἐθέλω/θέλω, ἐθελήσω, ἠθέλησα, ἠθέληκα, ___, ___

be willing, wish

λέγω, λέξω, ἔλεξα/εἶπον, ___, λέλεγμαι, ἐλέχθην

say; speak (of), tell (of), recount; call; mean

ξένος, ξένου, ὁ

host, guest, guest-friend; stranger, foreigner

οὐρανός, οὐρανοῦ, ὁ

sky, heaven

εὖ (adv.)

well

μέν (postpositive part.)

on the one hand

μέν..., δέ/ἀλλά...

on the one hand,… on the other…

νῦν (adv.)

now

παύω, παύσω, ἔπαυσα, πέπαυκα, πέπαυμαι, ἐπαύθην

stop (trans.); middle, stop (intrans.), cease

μέλλω, μελλήσω, ἐμέλλησα, ___, ___, ___

intend, be about, be likely (+ inf.)

πόνος, πόνου, ὁ

labor, toil; distress, suffering

σύμμαχος/ξύμμαχος, συμμάχου/ξυμμάχου, ὁ

ally

αἰσχρός, αἰσχρā́, αἰσχρόν

disgraceful, shameful; ugly

πολλάκις (adv.)

many times, often

πότε (interrog. adv.)

when

πῶς (interrog. adv.)

how (also used in expressions of doubt, shock, agreement, or objection)

πείθω,πείσω, ἔπεισα, πέπεικα, πέπεισμαι, ἐπείσθην

persuade (+ acc.); middle, obey, heed, believe (+ dat.)