CH. 7 Cardiac Cir/Capillaries/Hemodialysis

Capillaries

Single endothelial cell layer for rapid exchange of substances

Arterioles

Smaller branches connecting arteries and capillaries

Venules

Smaller branches connecting capillaries and veins

Veins

Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Hemodialysis

Treatment for end-stage renal failure using blood purification

AV Fistula

Surgical connection of artery and vein to enlarge vein for hemodialysis

Arteriovenous Grafts

Synthetic tube or graft connecting artery and vein for hemodialysis

Cardiac Circulation

Heart acts as two pumps supplying two circulations

Pulmonary Circulation

Carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs and returns oxygenated blood to left atrium

Systemic Circulation

Carries oxygenated blood from left ventricle throughout the body

Arteries

Main branches of blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

Arterioles

Smaller branches of arteries

Capillaries

Microscopic vessels for exchange of substances between blood and tissue cells

Venules

Smaller branches connecting capillaries and veins

Veins

Main branches of blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Tunica adventitia

Outer connective tissue layer of blood vessels

Tunica media

Middle smooth, muscular layer of blood vessels

Tunica intima

Inner endothelial layer of blood vessels

Circulatory System

Delivers oxygen, nutrients, and removes waste through blood vessels and heart

Heart

Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body

Endocardium

Inner endothelial layer of the heart

Myocardium

Middle muscular layer of the heart

Epicardium

Outer fibrous layer of the heart

Atriums

Upper chambers of the heart

Ventricles

Lower chambers of the heart

Tricuspid valve

Valve between right atrium and right ventricle

Pulmonary valve

Valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Mitral valve

Valve between left atrium and left ventricle

Aortic valve

Valve between left ventricle and aorta