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C: Flute, Oboe, Bassoon, Trombone, Euphonium (bass clef), Tuba, Timpani, Marimba, Vibraphone
As written
C: Bass Flute, Contrabassoon, Contrabass
Down 1 octave
C: Piccolo, Xylophone, Chimes, Celesta
Up 1 octave
C: Glockenspiel, Crotales
Up 2 octaves
B-flat: Clarinet, Soprano Saxophone, Trumpet
Down a Major 2nd
B-flat: Bass Clarinet, Tenor Saxophone, Euphonium (treble clef)
Down a Major 2nd + Down 1 octave
B-flat: Contrabass Clarinet, Bass Saxophone
Down a Major 2nd + Down 2 octaves
E-flat: Clarinet, Trumpet
Up a minor 3rd
E-flat: Alto Saxophone, Alto Clarinet
Down a Major 6th
OR
Up a minor 3rd + Down 1 octave
E-flat: Contra alto Clarinet, Baritone Saxophone
Down a Major 6th + Down 1 octave
OR
Up a minor 3rd + Down 2 octaves
F: English Horn, Basset Horn, French Horn
Down a Perfect 5th
OR
Up a Perfect 4th + Down 1 octave
D-flat Piccolo
Up a minor 2nd + Up 1 octave
G Alto Flute
Down a Perfect 4th
OR
Up a Perfect 5th + Down 1 octave
A Clarinet
Down a minor 3rd
8va/ottava
One octave higher
8vb/ottava bassa
One octave lower
a capriccio
Freely
a tempo
Return to the original tempo
A2/a due
Two
accelerando
Becoming faster
ad libitum
Freely, at will, improvised
agitato
Excited, restless
agressivo
Bold
al fine
To the end
alla breve
Twice as fast as before
allargando
Slowing down, becoming broader and sometimes louder
animato
Lively, animated, spirited
arco
Use the bow
attacca
Continue without a pause
calando
Becoming softer and slower
cantabile/cant.
In a singing style, lyrical, melodious, flowing
con bravura
With great technical skill
con brio
Vigorously
con fuoco
With fire, passionately, excited
con moto
Somewhat lively, not too slowly
con sordino/con sord.
Mute or damper
con tenerezza
Tenderly, gently
dampfer
Mute
diminuendo
Becoming softer
divisi/div.
Indicating separate parts where normally there is only one
dolce
Sweet, smooth, gentle
dolente
Sorrowful, mournful
doloroso
Lamenting, grieving
expressivo/espr.
With expression, with feeling
l'istesso tempo
At the same tempo
largamente
Broadly
leggiero
Lightly, nimbly
loco
Return to normal position
lontano
Far-off, remote
Ma non troppo
But not too much
maestoso
With dignity, nobly
marcia
March
meno mosso
Less motion, slower tempo
niente
Nothing
morendo
Fading away
movendo
Moving along, faster
nobilmente
Dignified, stately
ossia
Or, or else, indicating an alternative version
Moto
Somewhat lively, not too slowly
passionato
Impassioned, very expressive
pesante
Weighty, ponderous, dull
non troppo
Not too much
pizzicato
Plucked
poco a poco
Little by little
poco piu mosso
Little more movement, faster
preciso
Exact, very accurate, precise
rallentando
Becoming slower
ripieno
the first player of each section only
ritenuto
Immediately slower, held back
scherzando
Playfully
secco
Plain, simple
semplice
Simple, unaffected
senza sordino/senza sord.
Without mute
simile
Similarly, in like manner
sordino
mute or damper
sostenuto
Sustained
sotto voco
Softly, in a low voice
stringendo
Pressing on, hurrying, speeding up
tacet
Be silent, marking part where instrument is omitted
tranquillo
Quiet, peaceful, soft
tutti
All, total
grave
Solemn, serious, slow
30-50 bpm
largo
Slow, solemn, sustained
40-50 bpm
lento
A slow tempo
50-60 bpm
larghetto
A slow tempo
60-66 bpm
adagio
A slow tempo
60-80 bpm
andante
A moderately slow tempo