Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic Cell

Lesson 2

Domains and Kingdoms

Organisms are placed into ___ and ___ based on their:

• cell type

• ability to make food

• number of cells in their body

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Three domains of life

Bacteria

Members of this domain are all prokaryotes.

Prokaryotes

organisms whose cells do not contain a nucleus

Nucleus

a dense area in a cell that contains nucleic acids (chemical instructions for the cell)

Archaea

Unicellular Prokaryotes that live in extreme climates

• found in hot springs, molten rocks, and freezing arctic climates

• similar to bacteria, but have a slightly different chemical makeup

Eukarya

members if this domain are all Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes

organisms whose cells contain a nucleus.

Protists

a eukaryotic organism that can not be classified a plant, animal, or fungus.

• some are autotrophs and some are heterotrophs

• most are unicellular, but a few are multicellular

Fungi

multicellular eukaryotes that can not move and can not make their own food (heterotrophs)

ex: Molds, Muchrooms, Mildew, yeast (unicellular)

Heterotrophs

Organisms that can not make their own food

Plants

multicellular eukaryotes that can not move, but can make their own food (autotrophs)

• provides the most of the food for heterotrophs on land

Autotrophs

organisms that can make their own food

Animals

multicellular eukaryotes that can move, but can not make their own food

Unicellular organism

an organism that is made up of only one cell

ex: Euglena, Paramecium, Yeast

Multicellular Organism

an organism that is made up of more than one cell

ex: plants, animals, fungus

Prokaryotic Cells

first cell type on earth; cell type of bacteria and archaea

• no membrane bound nucleus

• organelles not bound by membranes

Nucleoid

region of DNA concentration

Eukaryotic Cells

unicellular or multicellular organisms

• have nucleus

• have membrane-bound organelles

• larger and more complex ex: animals, plants, fungi, and protists

• nucleus bound by membrane

• possess many organelles