Things to Review - UWorld RxPrep

Tx for vasoocclusive pain crisis?

Morphine

Sickle Cell key protection against which pathogens?

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and N. meninigiditis

Key risk with zidovudine?

Anemia (hematologic tox)

First line options for ART treatment - treatment naive?

One Pill: Biktarvy (bicte/emtric/TAF), Triumeq (dolute/aba/lam), Dovato (dolute/lamv)

Two Pill: Tivicay (Dolute) + Truvada (emtri/TDF), Tivicay (Dolute) + Descovy (emtri/TAF)

Compounding hazardous: what goes in yellow bin?

Things with trace amounts of hazardous materials

Typhoid formulations?

Capsules (live) and injection (inactivated)

Class of Roflumilast (Daliresp)

PDE-4 inhibitor

St. John's Wort interactions/risks

Increased risk of serotonin syndrome, sensitivity to sun, strong CYP3A4 inducer and other CYP enzymes, decreases effects of other meds, lowers seizure threshold

Laculose MOA

Decreases ammonia levels via...

- conversion of GI ammonia to ammonium

- increasing GI motility

Which vitamin D is synthesized in skin with UV exposure?

Cholecalciferol (D3)

mmol=

mg/MW

Natural products for osteoarthritis?

- Turmeric

- SAMe

- glucosamine & chondroitin

Breastfeeding babies need how much iron daily from 4-6 months old?

1 mg/kg

Breastfed babies or receiving <1 L of formula day: vitamin D amount?

400 IU daily

Lithium monitoring?

SCr, BUN, TSH, and FT4

Natural products for dementia?

Vitamin E and ginkgo biloba

Class: Addyi/Fibanserin? Use?

5-HT1A agonist and 5-HT2A antagonist

Use: hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD)

Risks and what to avoid with Addyi/Fibanserin?

Only use if pre-menopause and avoid alcohol due to hypotension/syncope risk

Major Dexilant DDI's?

Altevia (risedronate DR), itraconazole, ketoconazole, iron

Class of eluxadoline? Schedule?

Peripherally-acting mu-opioid agonist

Schedule C-IV

Meningitis empiric treatment for >50 years or immunocompromised?

Ampicillin + Ceftriaxone/Ceftazidime + Vancomycin

Which CYP enzyme is not inducible?

CYP 2D6

What to avoid with IVIG and make sure you do what with your rate?

Avoid sucrose, IV gentamicin and IV vancomycin and slow infusion rate

Diclofenac patch frequency?

BID

Do not use with analgesic with a salicylate allergy?

APAP

Max dose of vincristine?

2 mg

What does the "a" in DTaP mean?

Acellular - only partial for pertussis

Options for moderate-severe Crohn's disease?

Infliximab, Natalizumab, Adalizumab and Certolizumab

Generic: Marplan

isocarboxazid

PAH mainstay of therapy if positively reacts to vasoreactivity test?

Non-DHP CCB's and diltiazem

Which azole needs an acidic environment for absorption?

Ketoconazole

Tadalafil ___ cGMP levels.

Increases

Arnuity Ellipta

Fluticasone furoate

Weak acids and bases when ionized are more?

Water soluble

Weak acids and bases when un-ionized are more?

Lipid soluble

Treatment for severe croup?

Dexamethasone and nebulizer racemic epinephrine

SE's with indomethacin?

High risk of GI issues and psych disturbances

Class of Etanercept?

TNF-alpha inhibitor

Generic: Revatio

Sildenafil

Which flu vaccine is for >18 years and egg-free?

FluBlok

Which alpha blocker can cause retrograde ejaculation?

Silodosin

Pylera includes? Use with?

Bismuth salicylate, metronidazole, and tetracycline

Use with PPI BID

Class, Formulations and Frequency: Boniva

Ibandronate

Tablet monthly or injection Q3M

Dihydroergatamine formulations?

SC, IM and nasal

Generic: Vistaril

Hydroxyzine

Starting dose of sildenafil for ED?

50 mg

Generic: Lotrel

Amlodipine/Benazepril

Etanercept BBW

Serious infections, malignancies

All NRTIs have a warning for:

lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis

Lomotil (diphenoxylate/atropine) schedule?

C-V

Natalizumab BBW

Progressive multi focal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

*only available through REMS TOUCH prescribing program

IBD rectal foam formulations for:

Hydrocortisone and budesonide

Class of Infliximab (Remicade)

TNF-alpha inhibitor

Generic: Entyvio

Vedolizumab

SE's with epoetin alfa?

Arthralgias, HTN, risk of MI and VTE

Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia?

pallor, irritability, glossitis, anorexia, SOB and decrease in activity; sometimes a slight heart murmur is heard

Preferred steroid treatment for Addison's disease?

Fludrocortisone

Generic and formulation: Mylicon

Infant simethicone drops

Which opioid can decrease testosterone levels?

Testosterone

Treprostenol is associated with what at the SC infusion site?

Pain

Generic: Jantoven

Warfarin

Belatacept needs what prior to initiation?

EBV immunity

Why is Foirinal a C-III?

Contains butalbital

Generic: Dulera

mometasone/formoterol

Teriparatide does what to calcium?

Increases it (hyperCa)

Denosumab, bisphosphonates and calcitonin do what to calcium?

Decrease it (hypoCa)

Generic: Solodyn

Minocycline

Generic: Evista

Raloxifene

Generic: Nasacort Allergy 24 HR

Triamcinolone

What follow patients forward in time to see if exposure leads to an outcome (prospective).

Cohort studies

What start with patients who already have the outcome and look backward to determine exposures (retrospective)

Case-control studies

Type of Bias: occurs when a third variable affects both the exposure and the outcome potentially distorting the observed relationship.

Confounding

Example of a high-risk sterile compounding activity according to USP <797>?

Preparing a sterile solution using nonsterile powder

Type of Bias: arises when participants drop out of a study and the dropout is related to the outcome, potentially skewing the results.

Attrition bias

Type of Bias: relates to non-random selection, recall bias to inaccuracies in remembering past events, and observer bias to the influence of researchers' expectations.

Selection bias

Which test compares the means of two separate groups (e.g., treatment vs. placebo)?

An independent (unpaired) t-test

Which test is used for the same subjects measured twice?

Paired t-test

What test is used when comparing more than two groups?

ANOVA

What test is for categorical data?

Chi-square

Preferred SSRI for breastfeeding?

Sertraline

Type of Bias: occurs when the expectations or behavior of the researchers influence the care provided or the assessment of outcomes. Blinding is used to minimize such bias.

Observer bias

Prostaglandin analogs (e.g., latanoprost) MOA?

Increase uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor.

Tetrahydrozoline (Visine): use and class?

Decongestant for ocular redness.

Dorzolamide eye drops: class and use?

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that decreases aqueous production.

Timolol: class and use?

Beta-blocker that decreases aqueous humor production.

Symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

Agitation, confusion, diaphoresis, muscle rigidity, tachycardia and hyperthermia.

Why does atazanavir cause jaundice due to indirect hyperbilirubinemia?

it inhibits UGT1A1 enzyme

Fat redistribution (e.g., "buffalo hump") is a side effect of which HIV class?

Protease inhibitors

According to ACS guidelines, what is the recommended door-to-balloon (PCI) time goal for STEMI patients?

90 minutes

Spiriva Respimat dosing and frequency

Use 2 inhalations once daily for MDI/DPI

Counseling points for ProAir RespiClick

- Albuterol

- RespiClick = DPI

- Do not shake or use a spacer

- Deep, quick breath in

After reconstitution, Flolan must be what?

Kept cool with ice packs for stability.

Generic: Flolan

Epoprostenol

Generic: Boostrix

Tdap

Generic: Adacel

Tdap

Varivax CI?

True allergy to neomycin or gelatin

Generic and class: Humira?

Adalimumab and TNF inhibitor

Which HBV medication needs to be taken on an empty stomach?

Entecavir/Baraclude

What are the first-line NRTIs used as monotherapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection?

Entecavir

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)

What boxed warning is associated with NRTIs used for HBV?

HBV reactivation after therapy discontinuation