Introduction to Thrombosis and Anticoagulant Therapy

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on thrombosis and anticoagulant therapy to help students prepare for their exam.

What is thrombophilia?

Inherited or acquired conditions that alter coagulation and predispose an individual to thrombosis.

What is thrombosis?

Formation of a blood clot in the vasculature.

What are the two types of thrombosis?

Arterial and venous.

What is the main component of arterial thrombosis?

Platelets.

What is activated protein C resistance associated with?

Factor V Leiden mutation which causes resistance to the inactivation by activated protein C.

What are common complications of arterial thrombosis?

Occlusions of the vascular system.

What types of drugs are used to treat thrombotic disorders?

Anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, and thrombolytic drugs.

What is the role of antithrombin?

It neutralizes the activities of thrombin and other coagulation factors.

What causes heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

Antibodies produced against heparin-platelet factor IV complex causing platelet activation.

What laboratory tests are used for diagnosing factor V Leiden?

Coagulation assays to evaluate the inhibition of factor Va by activated protein C.

What is warfarin (Coumadin) and how is it monitored?

A long-term anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K-dependent factors; monitored by PT/INR.

What are the common acquired risk factors for thrombosis?

Cancer, surgery, liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome.

What are the complications associated with protein C deficiency?

Venous thromboembolism, arterial thrombosis, neonatal purpura fulminans.

How is heparin therapy monitored?

Using aPTT, platelet counts, and anti-factor Xa assay.

What is the initial treatment for acute arterial thrombosis?

Thrombolytic drugs for immediate thrombolysis.