Overview of Cellular Reproduction

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to cellular reproduction based on the lecture notes.

Cell Division

The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

Interphase

The phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division, accounting for 75-80% of a cell's life.

Mitosis

The process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells, consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Cytokinesis

The process that follows mitosis in the cell cycle, dividing the cytoplasm to form two distinct daughter cells.

Sister Chromatids

Identical copies of a chromosome connected at the centromere, formed during DNA replication.

Apoptosis

Programmed cell death that occurs when a cell cannot repair damage or has reached the end of its life cycle.

Tumor

An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide uncontrollably.

Benign Tumor

A non-cancerous tumor where the cells remain together and do not spread to other parts of the body.

Malignant Tumor

A cancerous tumor where the cells spread to other parts of the body.

Binary Fission

A method of asexual reproduction in which a single organism divides into two parts; commonly found in prokaryotes.

Budding

A form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows on the parent organism.

Vegetative Propagation

A form of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals grow from fragments of the parent plant.

Fragmentation

A process of asexual reproduction where an organism splits into fragments, each capable of growing independently into a new organism.

Chromatin

A complex of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes; it exists in a less condensed form during interphase.