Organic Chemistry Overview

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts in organic chemistry, focusing on compounds, isomers, and functional groups.

Isomer

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

Constitutional Isomer

Isomers that differ in the connectivity of their atoms.

Stereoisomer

Isomers that have the same molecular formula and connectivity, but differ in their spatial arrangement.

Covalent Bonding

Type of bond where atoms share electrons.

Tetrahedral Shape

The molecular shape produced when a carbon atom binds to four different atoms.

Hydrocarbon

Compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen.

Alkane

Hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds, represented by the general formula CnH2n+2.

Alkene

Hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds, represented by the general formula CnH2n.

Alkyne

Hydrocarbons that contain one or more triple bonds, represented by the general formula CnH2n-2.

Aromatic Hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbons derived from benzene that usually contain a ring structure.

Alcohol

Organic compounds containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).

Ester

Derived from an acid and an alcohol, having the general formula RCOOR'.

Amine

Organic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms bonded to carbon.

Carbonyl Group

A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.

Carboxyl Group

Functional group (-COOH) present in carboxylic acids.

Functional Group

A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a particular compound.