Heart

Right Auricle

Small, ear-shaped pouch attached to the right atrium, increases atrial volume.

Right Atrium

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.

Right Ventricle

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk.

Right Pulmonary Artery

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the right lung.

Right Pulmonary Vein

Returns oxygenated blood from the right lung to the left atrium.

Left Auricle

Small, ear-shaped pouch attached to the left atrium, increases atrial volume.

Left Atrium

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Left Ventricle

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.

Left Pulmonary Artery

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the left lung

Left Pulmonary Vein

Returns oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium.

Apex

The pointed bottom of the heart, directed leftward.

Base

The upper, broader portion of the heart where major vessels attach.

Epicardium

The outermost layer of the heart wall.

Fibrous Pericardium

Tough outer sac that anchors and protects the heart.

Serous Pericardium

A double-layered membrane that reduces friction around the heart

Endocardium

The inner lining of the heart chambers

Myocardium

The thick, muscular layer responsible for contractions.

Ligamentum Arteriosum

A small ligament connecting the aorta and pulmonary trunk, a remnant of fetal circulation.

Fossa Ovalis

A depression in the right atrium, a remnant of the fetal foramen ovale.

Tricuspid AV Valve

The three-cusped valve between the right atrium and right ventricle, prevents backflow.

Bicuspid (Mitral) AV Valve

The two-cusped valve between the left atrium and left ventricle, prevents backflow.

Papillary Muscles

Muscles in the ventricles that pull on the chordae tendineae to prevent valve prolapse.

Chordae Tendineae

Tendon-like cords that prevent the AV valves from inverting

Interventricular Septum

The thick wall separating the right and left ventricles.

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk, prevents backflow

Aortic Semilunar Valve

Valve between the left ventricle and aorta, prevents backflow.

Pulmonary Trunk

Large vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Aorta

The largest artery, carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.

Opening of Coronary Sinus

Where deoxygenated blood from the heart's own circulation returns to the right atrium.

Superior Vena Cava

Returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium.

Inferior Vena Cava

Returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.